Flashcards
Topic 4: Computer Networks cont'd (2)
Flashcards do conjunto (82)
- 1What level of network analysis analyzes and describes a network according to the protocols and programs that allow computers to communicate on the network?software level
- 2What two types of cables are used most commonly for network connections today?UTP and fiber optic
- 3What is one difference between a network hub and a network switch?A network hub broadcasts messages to all devices connected to it, but a network switch passes messages only to the one intended recipient.
- 4Talbert uses an IP trace command to identify the route of messages sent from one computer to another within his network. He uses this tool for three different messages sent during the same transmission sequence, and he sees that all three messages arrived via different routes. What does this tell him about the network?The network is likely using packet switching.
- 5Which of the following is a well-known example of a packet switched network?internet
- 6Which networking device is most closely associated with using MAC addresses?switch ; A switch makes use of the MAC address of each individual device to direct messages specifically to the intended recipient. Though some switches are also capable of using the higher-level IP addresses, MAC addresses are the basic switch-level addresses.
- 7What is the major difference between routing and switching?When a message needs to be directed to a recipient outside of the local network, routing is needed.
- 8In client-server networks, some computers are dedicated to storing and providing information for other computers. What is the name of a network where all computers are basically equal and have roughly the same function and standing?peer-to-peer network
- 9Which of the following is an accurate description of servers?Servers often look like large system units.
A large server is often a collection of smaller units mounted together in a cabinet.
Servers are often more expensive and more powerful than the client computers. - 10How do the hardware components of a virtual machine compare with those of a typical client computer?Virtual machines do not have hardware components of their own because they are actually software programs running on the hardware of regular computers.
- 11What is the function of a database server?respond to the queries of local network clients with data pulled from database files and provide reports based on the data
- 12What does it mean to say that a server is commonly a stand-alone computer?Users will not typically log directly into the server as their own personal desktop machine.
- 13A network administrator is designing a new network for his organization. The network is going to include many computers that need to access data from the same large database on a regular basis. The database is so large that significant upgrades would need to be made to each of the regular computers if they were to store the database files themselves. The administrator also needs to allow for the fact that the network will be expanded with new workstations on occasion. What would likely be the best topology for the new network?star topology
- 14In what network topology is a single cable the actual network, with each device connected to that single cable?bus topology
- 15What is the function of an IP address?An IP address helps a router know where to send a packet of information.
An IP address identifies the location of an individual website available on the Internet.
An IP address identifies the sender of a packet of information. - 16When routers receive a packet for transportation over the Internet, what is the most likely next location the router will send the packet to?another router
- 17What tool is used to make sure that an IP packet arrives at its destination without having lost any information along the way?checksum ; The checksum is computed before the packet is sent based upon all the information contained in the packet. It is then computed again when the packet arrives at its destination. If the checksum totals correspond, then the message arrived in tact.
- 18What is packet switching?The process of breaking lengthy messages into individual packets, sending them across the Internet, and allowing the routers to decide the best route to take for each individual packet of data.
- 19Keylor knows he wants to visit a certain website that he has heard about, but when he is prompted by his browsing software to provide the IP address of the website, he realizes that he does not know the numerical address. Instead, he knows the name of the company whose website he is trying to visit, so he adds the www. prefix and the .com extension to the company name, hoping that will get him to the correct site. If this attempt works, it is due to the capabilities of what type of device?DNS ; The Domain Name Server allows users to use word-based aliases rather than numerical IP addresses to identify websites and pages.
- 20How do the paths taken by individual packets compare if the packets are all part of the same message being communicated between the same two devices?The paths might be very different depending on network traffic.
- 21Which of the following terms or phrases best summarizes the key advantage to the communication process that is provided by a DNS server?ease of use
- 22What does the first part of a URL indicate?the specific protocol used to transmit the resource
- 23What symbols separate the protocol portion of a URL from the domain name?a colon followed by two slashes (://)
- 24What are the three goals prescribed by IAS for information?confidentiality, integrity, and availability
- 25A large company decided to do an exhaustive survey of all its employees and their satisfaction with their working environment. Three different individuals were responsible for overseeing the collection of the survey data. After the data was collected, the results were recorded in the computer network for analysis. All of the data was entered except for the most absurd and critical responses. Then, the data was password protected so that only certain employees of the company could access the information. What IAS problem can you identify in this procedure?It is an IAS problem that the most absurd and critical response were not recorded along with the other data.
- 26What is an example of a time when availability might have to be limited in order to ensure another goal of IAS?During the process of backing up data, files may not be available for access.
- 27After identifying risks, what is the next step in the process of strategic risk analysis?prioritize risks and identify which are acceptable
- 28What is the difference between sensitive information and private information?Sensitive information is that which should not be shared publicly but would not pose a threat were others to learn of it, but private information would pose a threat to an individual’s privacy or safety.
- 29An employee of a large corporation has been granted access to some classified information at his workplace. While at home one evening, he receives a phone call from someone pretending to be from his company’s IT department. They explain to him that the network has been experiencing technical difficulties, and they need to verify his user account with his username and password. Once the employee has volunteered that information, the fraudulent party can now access the confidential information that his account has permission to view. What type of threat is represented in such a situation?social engineering threat
- 30Which of the following is a common indication of a phishing scheme?a suspicious URL connected with a provided hyperlink
when an email from an unrecognized source asks the user to open an attached file
generic greetings without personal names, poor grammar, and numerous spelling errors - 31Why do black-hat hackers engage in hacking activities?to commit crimes or acts of terrorism
- 32What type of malware does harm to a computer system by running undetected after it attaches itself to a program that is legitimate or seems legitimate?virus
- 33Why does anti-virus software have to be updated on a very regular basis?Because new malware programs are constantly being developed.
- 34What process converts information into a form that hackers would not understand even if they intercepted the message?encryption
- 35Frank has been an employee at the same company for over 25 years. He is not an IT expert, but he had never experienced technical difficulties until it was recently discovered that his password was compromised. Someone had learned it and had been using it for 9 months to log in to his account fraudulently. He was confused about how this could possibly have happened because he was generally very careful to protect such information. He knew better than to use a simple name of a loved one for his password (he used special symbols and random numbers to strengthen the password). He never wrote his password down or saved it in a file. He never changed his password to anything new that someone might discover (he had the same password for all 25 years). He never told his password to anyone. What further security measure would have been helpful to follow in Frank’s case?He should have changed his password every few months.
- 36Which of the following is one of the most important security responsibilities that an organization should fulfill for its users?educate their users about the various threats to security in use today and how to avoid falling into those tricks
- 37What word best summarizes the primary purpose of a network in business?connectedness
- 38What is a business ecosystem?It is an active, constantly developing system of interconnectedness and interdependence between the numerous individuals, organizations, and other parties involved in the business process and environment.
- 39How can having a local area computer network save an organization money on software and hardware throughout the office?Hardware and software can be shared over the network, eliminating the need to buy multiple copies of the software or multiple pieces of the hardware equipment.
- 40How does shared project tracking software help parties in different locations work together on a common project?Managers can easily assign work to individuals, and those individuals can easily see their assignments instantly.
Employees are able to record their progress easily for all to see at any given time.
Everyone involved in the project can see the overall status of the project live and updated at any time. - 41Sally’s work situation sometimes allows her the flexibility of working from home. When she does so, she accesses her office computer by logging on to it through a network connection established on her home computer. Her office computer is what type of computer?remote
- 42Which of the following correctly describes the view of computer networks that look at the connections or physical media that make communication possible?the physical level
- 43Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cables transmit information using?voltage
- 44A router is a network component whose function is to ____connect multiple networks and multiple computers within the network(s) together and routes the traffic of data between them.
- 45In a packet switched network, the path a message takes is established ____as the message is being sent.
- 46Which type of network topology has workstation computers connected individually to a central hub?star topology
- 47A customer logs into his bank account from his home computer every morning via the internet to check his savings account balance. Which characteristic below is true in describing how the messages between the customer and his bank might travel?The messages might take multiple different paths.
- 48Which of the following is accurate in describing what happens when one computer sends another computer on the same network a message via a network hub?The hub broadcasts the transmission, as it sends the data to every computer in the network.
- 49Which of the following is true about the difference between a network switch and network router?A switch is used to transmit messages within a network, while a router is used to transmit messages across a network
- 50The role of a server is to ____take requests and respond with the requested information.
- 51Which of the following correctly describes the characteristics of a server?Servers often look like large system units and are often with multiple hard drives.
- 52One advantage of a using a virtual machine is that it ____.enables users to combine the computing power of multiple individual computers.
- 53A virtual machine (VM) is ____.a software program.
- 54Which server would not return information following a request made by a client?a print server
- 55The term server refers to ____.he hardware that composes a server.
software, such as a web server.
a system that allows for remote access. - 56Which type of network has device-to-device connections with its neighbors?a ring network
- 57An IP address consists of how many numbers?4 ; An IP address consists of four numbers such as 123.125.232.107
- 58What is needed to connect your corporate local area network (LAN) to the Internet?a router
- 59True or False, the path that a message takes using packet switching will always be the same?false ; Packet switching will send a packet to a router and each packet might take different routes to reach its destination.
- 60What technology is needed to send a message from one Local Area Network (LAN) to another via the Internet?a router
an IP Address
packet switching - 61Using the IPSO model from Unit 2, which of the following is correct for the input, storage, and output of communication over a Domain Name Server (DNS)?Input = IP alias; Storage = table with alias and corresponding IP address; Output = IP address
- 62In communicating over the Internet, which of the following is the step taken just prior to presenting a message to the receiver?Placing all of the packets in sequential order.
- 63Domain Name Server (DNS) allows users needing to send information from one network to another via the Internet to ____.use an easily remembered name in a URL instead of having to enter a numerical IP address.
- 64For the following URL, http://www.website.com/index.html, what information does index.html indicate?the file that is being requested
- 65The very first part of a URL that precedes the :// is called the ____.protocol.
- 66Which of these is the security goal related to the assurance that data is not useable to an unauthorized user?confidentiality
- 67ACME corporation utilizes a database for maintaining sales information. What IAS principle is maintained when they require a customer to validate their contact information at the point of each sale?integrity
- 68ACME corporation utilizes a database for maintaining sales information. Occasionally the database software needs to be updated to ensure it has all the latest security features. When this happens, users are unable to use the database. This is a limitation of which IAS principle?availability
- 69After all assets have been identified, prioritized and vulnerabilities identified, what is the next step in in risk analysis?identify threats or ways in which an asset’s vulnerabilities can be exploited
- 70A company’s business plan or patents would be considered what type of information?confidential
- 71Sam is eating lunch at his usual spot in the coffee shop next to his office when a woman sits next to him and sparks up a conversation. She tells him she was recently hired and has forgotten the network’s WIFI password and asks Sam to provide it to her. This is an example of what type of threat?social engineering
- 72A hacker attempting to exploit a website by entering database query commands into a form field is an example of what type of threat?SQL injection
- 73A hacker who is a security professionals and hacks for “good purposes” in order to find vulnerabilities and fix or protect against them is referred to as a ____.white-hat hacker.
- 74What do you call malware that replaces an application and takes its name?Trojan Horse
- 75What is the mitigation technique that uses a set of rules to determine what to let in or out of a network?a firewall
- 76Which encryption method uses only one key?symmetric key encryption
- 77What is one of the most important things any organization can do to ensure all of its employees apply security best practices?educate their employees on security best practices
- 78A system that has employees use a key card and a password is an example of ____two-factor authentication
- 79Which of the following is an advantage of using computer networks in business’s today?cost savings
increased efficiency
facilitation of communication - 80Dell computers was able to achieve a competitive advantage by integrating its systems with its customers and suppliers. This is an example of ____a business ecosystem.
- 81Which of the following is a concern for businesses employing a computer network?network security
- 82How can a computer network increase the productivity of an employee traveling to attend a conference?employees are able to access the network and complete work assignments as they are traveling to the conference
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- computer informations FlashCards sobre Topic 4: Computer Networks cont'd (2), criado por Cassie Xayaseng em 08-07-2024.
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