Flashcards
Pathogenicity, virulence and the human microbiome terms
Flashcards do conjunto (26)
- 1Pathogenicitythe ability of an infectious agent to cause disease
- 2Toxigenicitythe ability of a microorganism to produce a toxin that contributes to the development of disease in their host
- 3Virulencethe quantitative ability of an agent to cause disease (involves invasiveness and toxigenicity)
- 4Virulent Agentscause disease when introduced into the host in small numbers
- 5Invasionthe process whereby bacteria, parasites, fungi, and viruses enter the host cells or tissues and spread into the body
- 6Pathogena microorganism capable of causing disease
- 7Opportunistic pathogena microbe capable of causing disease only when the host resistance is impaired
- 8Virulence factorsmolecular factors that determine the ability of microbes to cause infection and disease
- 9Infectionmicrobial/viral pathogens are ingested and cause illness
- 10Intoxicationtoxins are produced by the pathogen, typically in the food prior to consumption. Even if microorgianisms are killed, toxin can still remain stable in food
- 11Microbiomethe aggregate genomes of the microbes in a specified environment
- 12Microbiotamicroorganisms in a specified environemt (human gut microbes)
- 13Resident microbiotacolonizes sites for extended periods
- 14Transient microbiotainhabit temporarily
- 15Method used to study microbiomehuman microbiome project
- 16Four human body sites most densely populatedGI tract, oral cavity, vagina, skin
- 17Functions of the human microbiomeaid in digestion, tune immune system, brain-gut axis
- 18Probioticsingesting beneficial bacteria (yogurt)
- 19Prebioticsdietary molecules that feed beneficial bacteria
- 20Our microbiome enables us to extract energy effecientlygerm free mice weighed much less and are more active
- 21Infectious processinfection to multiplication to spread
- 22Exotoxinsgram positive and negative
- 23Endotoxinsgram negative, LPS - plays a role inflammation and diet linked metabolic diseases
- 24Enzymesspecies of bacteria produce enzymes that are not toxic but play important roles in the infectious process
- 25Infectious dosenumber of infectious cells required to cause infection in 50% of subjects
- 26Lethal dosenumber of infectious cells required to cause death in 50% of the subjects
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