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sophie_jade Inglês 44 flashcards

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  1. 1Define Religious LanguageRL = Written and spoken language typically used by religious believers when they talk about their religious beliefs and experiences. Religiosity not from words but something else
  2. 2What is the difference between non cognitive and cognitive language?N.C= Language not conveying info factually but rather talking about emotions,feelings & metaphysical, e.g. Aquinas' analogy
    C= More meaningful, facts conveyed through language
  3. 3Who/what states RL is meaningful?Aquinas= Analogy
    Ramsey= Models and Qualifiers
    Paul Tillich= Symbols
    Via negativa
    Hare= Bliks
    Basil Mitchell= Faith
    Hick= Eschatological verification
    Braithwaite
  4. 4Who states RL isn't meaningful?Verification Principle
    Falsification Principle
    Wittgenstein - only meaningful to religious believers
  5. 5AQUINAS ANALOGYAQUINAS ANALOGY
  6. 6What is an analogy ?Analogy= Comparison with something else which helps us understand a difficult concept
  7. 7What does Aquinas accept and reject?Aquinas Accepts- that God exists and created the universe (Cosmological argument), had prior faith
    Rejects - Uni-vocal language (same words,same meaning) as it limits God & Equivocal language (same words,diff meaning) as confusing
  8. 8What is the Analogy of Attribution?A0A -God is the source of all things. There is a clear link between creator and created order evident through Natural Theology
    We all imitate God in some way, our attributes are due to him
    E.G- A bull is health determines the bulls urine to be healthy
  9. 9What is the Analogy of Proportion?AOP- As we are created in Gods image (Hick) we possess some of his qualities but to a lesser extent as we're inferior
    Own power can give us an small insight in Gods infinite power. We're Good, Gods infinitely good
    Must always extend upwards for God
  10. 10Evaluate analogysGood= Helpful, empirical based, words not literal (not anthropomorphism God) Gives a frame of reference
    Bad= Dependent on God being the creator, cant be verified, does this mean we posses evil too? Cant be verified
  11. 11RAMSEY MODELS & QUALIFIERSMODELS & QUALIFIERS
  12. 12What are models?Models are analogy's which are applied to Gods functions to gain understanding on what is being discussed., applied when we talk about God. E.G. Gods Good is a model of understanding for goodness
  13. 13Why are qualifiers necessary?Qualifiers need to be added to ensure we know that models are not literally what God is, gives further understanding. For example God is good needs to be qualified with the word 'intrinsically' so know his goodness isn't the same as ours
  14. 14PAUL TILLICH SYMBOLS" A pattern or object which points to an invisible metaphysical object and participates in it"
  15. 15What is the different between signs and symbols?RL is only meaningful if through use of symbols. Symbols are powerful markers of religious e.g. cross- sacrifice, which participate in what they symbolize
    Signs are not meaningful as they don't participate in what they symbolize; without knowing what it means would make no sense
  16. 16What are the four functions of symbols?1) point to something beyond themselves
    2) participate in what they point to
    3) open up a new level of reality
    4) open up levels and dimensions of soul corresponding to these levels of reality
  17. 17What does Tillich state about God?Believes that it is impossible to describe God as a meta physical being however symbols can give a more meaningful description , Pointing towards vision of God , being itself
  18. 18"It is possible to describe a painting but the description is useless without having the painting there"_
  19. 19Evaluate SymbolsGood- Symbols can change to fit different cultures meaning they're universal. JR Randall view them as significant as they evoke emotion
    Bad- Less value when they change, Cant work since God is transcendent. Paul Edwards- meaningless - cant apply FP/VP
  20. 20VIA NEGATIVA-
  21. 21Why cant we talk about what God is?Not a object in universe, impossible to describe him without limiting him
    Beyond understanding and completely ineffable
    Outside creation- don't know him/where he is
  22. 22"we don't know what God is. Even God doesn't know what he is because he isn't anything. Literally God isn't because he transcends being"-
  23. 23What is via negativeTalking about what God isn't .Achieve unity by doing this
    God exists counteracted by statement Gods existence in infinitely different to ours
    Used by those describing ineffiablity of their religious experiences
  24. 24Evaluate via negativaGood= Doesn't limit God but rather acknowledges that God goes beyond understanding, definitions are literally true (not arthomprosing God)
    Bad= Scriptures make positive
    statements about GOD, Flew death by a 1000 qualifications. Hard for those w/o experience to understand
  25. 25VERIFICATION PRINCIPLE-
  26. 26Whos the Vienna Circle?1920 Logical positivists
    Wanted to free people from factually meaningless chatter
    Only meaningful if can be proved true or false
  27. 27What are the two types of statements?Analytic - true by definition e.g. all bachelors are unmarried men
    Synthetic- need to prove true or false
    Can be checked by SVP,WVP and FP
  28. 28What are the two types of verification and why was WVP proposed?SVP - Proved conclusively so non cognitive meaningless
    WVP- SVP would make too many statements meaningless. Meaningful if know in principle can be verified/ obliged to produce evidence making statement probable. Neither can be applied to God.
  29. 29Weaknesses of the VPVP itself has no verification, VP would reject all of history and science- statements are still meaningful. Does religious experiences not give direct evidence?
  30. 30THE FALSIFICATION PRINCIPLE-
  31. 31Why did Karl Popper criticise TVPKarl Popper stated TVP is wrong as it would wipe all of science out since none of the natural laws can be proved by evidence. More meaningful is can prove it false
  32. 32What does TFP state?TFP states that a statement is meaningful if evidence can be proposed against it e.g. Boyles law- one example of gas not being proportionate to its pressure will prove it false, 'all swans are white'
  33. 33Why does Anthony Flew criticise religious believers?Anthony Flew criticises religious believers because they never accept things which go against their claims. If they state 'God loves all humans' then children die replace with 'God loves humans in a inscrutable way'
  34. 34Explain the falsification principle using John Wisdoms Parable of the GardenersIn parable of gardener explorer is constantly altering statement in response to contradictory evidence that gardener didn't exist.
    Religious believers are constantly shifting goal posts, statement nothing like original, God died death of a 1000 qualifications
  35. 35What are responses made to TVP and TFPRM HARE - Parable of the Lunatic
    BASIL MITCHELL- Resistance fighter
    JOHN HICK- Celestial City
  36. 36Explain RM HARE - Parable of the LunaticRM HARE - Parable of the Lunatic- Students convinced professors are trying to kill him despite evidence against them.
    All have bliks absurd or normal (views about the world based on facts, don't give up) cant be verified or falsified but still meaningful
  37. 37BASIL MITCHELL- Resistance fighterBASIL MITCHELL- Resistance fighter -
    Religious belief based on fact and prior faith, evidence cant undermine this so cant falsify or verify it.
    Resistant fighter- still believe that stranger is on their side due to commitment they made initially.
  38. 38Explain JOHN HICK- Celestial CityEschatological verification- at end of life, heaven and hell will verify Christian language
    2 travellers- neither can prove which statement is correct, will get verification at end of journey
  39. 39Explain R.B.BraithwateRB Braithwate- RL is meaningful because it results in a change in behaviour and moral commitment.
    A religious claim is primarily a moral claim expressing a attitude, referencing a story with intention e.g. evoke emotion
  40. 40Explain Ludwig WittigensteinLudwig Witgenstein-
    Language games, non believers not in game so cant understand meaningfulness of religious talk.
    AKA coherence of truth.
  41. 41Creation of Adam paintingGod as elderly -inevitable wisdom, powerful
    Mirroring pose- made in Gods image, God sparks life into Adam
    Symbolic- on ceiling I'm sistene chapel shows thoughts of God in Christian view
    Transcendent God shown
  42. 42All seeing eye of GodOmniscience of God
    Symbols of four evangelist whose Gospels God inspired
    Frightening but shows compassion,concern etc as God sees all we do
  43. 43Icon of trinitythree angels fit perfectly in a circle -symbol of perfection and eternity
    Same face= same essence, dressed in blue to show heavenly truth
    Central figure- jesus, wearing rich earthy garment- anchors him as a real presence on earth
  44. 44How is art important?God can be understood without the limitations of written word
    Images collected into small area, conveying love,truth, peace etc
    Open in interpretation - construct meaningful interpretation to individual

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FlashCards sobre Sem título, criado por sophie_jade em 03-05-2016.
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