Flashcards

Computing unit 1

daniel upton Inglês 27 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (27)

1What is an algorithm?An algorithm is a sequence of instructions that can be followed to solve a problem
2What is Pseudocode?A notation resembling a simplified programming language, used in program design.
3What is Pseudocode used for?Pseudocode is used write instructions in statements that are somewhere between English and a programming language.
4What do these statements mean? 1. OUTPUT "Enter a number" 2. number <- USERINPUT 3. number <- number + 1 4. OUTPUT "The number is :" + numberThe program prints Enter a number. The number the user inputs is saved as a variable called number. The program adds 1 to the number then prints "The number is :" then the number
5What are the advantages of Pseudocode?Programming languages are difficult to read for most people, but pseudocode allows nonprogrammers, to review the steps to confirm the proposed code matches the coding specifications. By writing the code in human language first, the programmer safeguards against leaving out an important step.
6What are the disadvantages of Pseudocode?While pseudocode is easy to read, it does not provide as good a map for the programmer as a flowchart does. It does not include the full logic of the proposed code. Since it is basic by nature, pseudocode sometimes causes nonprogrammers to misunderstand the complexity of a coding project. The lack of standards is probably the main disadvantage of pseudocode. Pseudocode is by nature unstructured, so the reader may not be able to see the logic in a step.
7What is an identifier?An identifier is a name that points to a memory location.
8What is assignment?Assigning a value to the memory location.
9What is the advantage of using a constant rather than a variable?Constants reduce the risk of error by reducing access to memory location.
10What does mod and div do?Mod finds the remainder in integer division. Div returns the interrger part of the division
11What's the result of 22 mod 3?1
12What's the result of 22 div 3?7
13What does the following code do? name <- “Robert” x <- len(name) x <- name.len x <- name.find(“be”)returns the length of string name
determines if “be” occurs in string name
(returns the position of the first character in the string, 0 if not found)
14What is are examples of a Boolean condition?If, and , or , not
15What do AND, OR and NOT DO do?AND returns true if both conditions are true
OR returns true if either of the conditions are true
NOT changes a true expression to false and vice versa
16—1. Option 1
2. Option 2
17—i) Age group 3
ii) Age group 2
iii) Age group 1
18—i) You can ride the roller coaster
ii) You are too short to ride
iii) You are too young to ride
19What are infinite loops used for?2D games, computer control and data sensing applications.
20—x Output
0 1
1 2
2 The end
If the first statement was change then "the end" would be printed straight away
21—x Output
0 1
1 2
2 The end
If the first statement was change then "the end" would be printed straight away
22—index 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
x 1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1
23—Ask what step means
24—Ask what step means
25—4
26—i 1,1,2,2,3,3
j 1,2,1,2,1,2
Output 2,3,3,4,4,5
27—