Flashcards
8.3 Development Methodologies
Flashcards do conjunto (40)
- 1What is a Methodology?A collection of procedures, tools and documentation ids which will help develop a new ICT system.
- 2What is a Linear (Waterfall) Methodology?A systems development methodology where the user is not able to continue onto the next stage unless they have finished the current stage that they are on, and they cannot go back and edit.
It is a FORMAL method, it allows the company to set strict deadlines and milestones. It is rigid as there is no moving back. - 3What Linear Methodology will I be studying?The Waterfall method
- 4What are the main phases of a Linear (Waterfall) Methodology?Conception
Initiation
Analysis
Design
Construction
Testing
Production/Implementation
Maintenance - 5When should the Linear (Waterfall) Methodology be used?When the requirements are very well known, clear and fixed.
When the product definition is stable.
When technology is understood.
When there are no ambiguous requirements.
When there are ample resources with required expertise are available freely.
When the project is short. - 6What are some advantages of a Linear (Waterfall) Methodology?It is simple and efficient to understand for basic users.
It is effective to manage as each phase has specific deliverables and a review process.
Phases are processed and completed one at a time. Phases do not overlap.
Works well for smaller projects where requirements are very well understood. - 7What are some disadvantages of a Linear (Waterfall) Methodology?The user cannot move onto the next stage unless the previous stage that they are currently on is completed. So, they cannot go back and edit work from previous stages.
There is high risks of uncertainty.
It is not efficient for complex and object-oriented projects.
It is not suitable for the projects where requirements are at a moderate to high risk of changing. - 8What is an Iterative Methodology?The project is broken down into stages and each stage undergoes a cyclic development process. This also allows the user to continuously go back and update their system so that it is perfect and there are no errors.
This is a formal method and is developed to improve the waterfall method, it uses the same stages as the waterfall method. - 9When should the Iterative Methodology be used?When requirements of the complete system are clearly defined and understood.
When the project is big.
When major requirements must be defined; however, some details can evolve with time. - 10What are some advantages of an Iterative Methodology?It allows the user to find problems with the system early on in the development stage because the user is constantly improving their product.
There is less time spent on documentation and more time is spent on designing the system and this will allow a efficient solution to be created for the client.
The user is able to obtain input when asking for improvements for each stage of the Iterative Methodology.
It places a high emphasis on prototyping and user interface so, less documentation is needed but more deliverables are needed. - 11What are some disadvantages of an Iterative Methodology?It is very time consuming because the user might spend too much time on the Iterative stage of their system as they keep having to go back and correct the system.
This method is rigid with no overlaps.
Costly system architecture or design issues may arise because not all requirements are gathered up front for the entire life cycle.
More resources may be required. - 12What is the Spiral Methodology?This is a combination of both linear and iterative methodologies. Having a combination of the two methodologies allows the development team to start small and benefit in the long term.
- 13When should the Spiral Methodology be used?When costs and risk evaluation is important.
For medium to high-risk projects.
Long-term project commitment unwise because of potential changes to economic priorities.
Users are unsure of their needs.
Requirements are complex.
New product line.
Significant changes are expected (research and exploration). - 14What are some advantages of the Spiral Methodology?Rapid prototyping means development time is less.
Developers ca work together on different parts of the project.
Designing and building the system can be performed at the same time.
Tasks and deliverables are identified for each step in the spiral. - 15What are some disadvantages of the Spiral Methodology?Can be a costly model to use.
Risk analysis requires highly specific expertise.
Project’s success is highly dependent on the risk analysis phase.
Doesn’t work well for smaller projects - 16When should Linear Methodologies be used?Where the project is large, complicated and expensive as these methodologies are more rigorous so there are less risks.
Where pressure does not exist for immediate implementation as it allows time to perfect each stage before continuing onto the next.
Where the project has clear objectives and solutions as you cannot go back and edit each stage.
Where the project requirements can be stated so that each stage can be identified and completed.
Where the project team are inexperienced so, they can be guided by the more rigid project development structure. - 17When should Iterative Methodologies be used?Where the project is for an online system such as e-commerce and where there is extensive client dialogue so clients can constantly give feedback which is improved upon.
Where the project objectives are unclear so that the project objectives are flexible and can be altered as the project progresses.
Where there is pressure for the immediate implementation of the project so that the user can see and use part of the system early on.
Where the project team members are experienced so that they can use their experience and expertise to cut out steps which take time. - 18What are Agile Methodologies?This is a combination of Iterative and Incremental Methodologies.
- 19What are the type of Agile Methodologies?Crystal
Scrum
RAD
DSDM - 20When should you use the Agile Methodology?When new changes to the project need to be implemented as new implements can be made at little costs.
Does not take much time to implement new features into the project and the team does not lose much work in the process.
Limited planning is required when compared to the waterfall model.
There is more freedom for developers as the project can continue to move forward without facing errors which cannot be solved as they can fix the errors later on in the development. - 21What are some advantages of the Agile Methodology?Customer satisfaction increased due to rapid, continuous delivery of useful software.
Working software is delivered frequently (weeks rather than months).
Face-to-face conversation is the best form of communication.
Close, daily cooperation between business people and developers. - 22What are some disadvantages of the Agile Methodology?It is difficult to assess the effort required at the beginning of the software development life cycle when meeting large deliverables.
There is lack of emphasis on necessary designing and documentation.
The project can easily get taken off track if the customer representative is not clear what final outcome that they want.
Only senior programmers are capable of taking the kind of decisions required during the development process. So, this is not efficient for new programmers. - 23What is the Crystal Methodology?This mainly focuses on projects consisting of 6 to 8 developers. However this method takes advantage of its small team size and proximity to strengthen close communication into a more powerful Osmotic Communication which allows it to fit into any project, not just small projects.
- 24What are the type of Crystal Methodologies?Crystal Clear
Crystal Yellow
Crystal Orange
Crystal Orange Web
Crystal Red
Crystal Maroon
Crystal Diamond
Crystal Sapphire - 25What are some advantages of the Crystal Methodology?There is effective team communication.
There is a small team which can be an advantage because there is no confusion when setting tasks and collaborative working.
It supports fixed price contracts.
It is not mutually exclusive with other methodologies. - 26What are some disadvantages of the Crystal Methodology?The planning and development are not depended on requirements.
May not work well for distributed teams.
Moving from one crystal to another type of crystal mid project does not work.
This was not designed to be upward or downward compatible. - 27What is the Scrum Methodology?It is a popular framework that works very well for innovative and complex product development projects.
- 28What does the Scrum Methodology do?The product owner creates a product backlog with requirements.
The Scrum team conducts a sprint planning session where big tasks are broken down into smaller ones.
The team creates a sprint backlog and plans its implementation.
The team decide a time and duration for every sprint (Task).
The team gets together each day for a brief Scrum meeting in which they say their progress and updates.
The certified Scrum master guides the team and keeps them focused and motivated.
The stakeholders and the product owner conduct a review at the end of each sprint. - 29What are some advantages of the Scrum Methodology?Ensures effective use of time and money.
Large projects are divided into efficient manageable tasks.
Works well for fast-moving development projects.
Since it is agile, it adopts feedback from customers and stakeholders. - 30What are some disadvantages of the Scrum Methodology?Often leads to the scope not being met due to the lack of milestones.
The chances of project failure are high if individuals are not committed.
Can be challenging if used in large teams.
Can only be successful if the individuals within the team are experienced and skilled. - 31What is the RAD Methodology?This is the Raid Application Development model. It is an incremental model in which the components or functions are developed in parallel as if they were mini projects.
The developments are time boxed, deliberated and assembled in a working prototype and this allows quick and efficient feedback from customers. - 32What are the stages of the RAD Methodology?Planning
Analysis
Prototyping
Repeat Analysis
Prototyping as Necessary
Conclusion of Prototyping
Implementation - 33When should you use the RAD Methodology?When there is a need to create a system that can be modularized in 2-3 months of time.
When there is a high availability of designers for modelling and the budget is high enough to afford their cost along with the cost of automated code generating tools.
Should only be chosen if resources with high business knowledge are available and there is a need to produce the system in a short span of time (2-3 months). - 34What are some advantages of the RAD Methodology?Reduces development time.
Increases re-usability of components.
Quick initial reviews from customers occur.
Encourages customer feedback. - 35What are some disadvantages of the RAD Methodology?Depends on a strong team and individual performances for identifying business requirements.
Only system that can be modularized can be built using RAD.
Requires highly skilled developers or designers.
There is a high dependency on modelling skills. - 36What is the DSDM Methodology?This is the Dynamic Systems Development Method. It is an agile framework which is usually used for software development. Any project created by DSDM must use clear strategic goals and focus on delivery of real benefits to the business.
Most PC's are run by Agile or Iterative methods. - 37What are the 8 Principles of DSDM Methodology?Focus on the business need
Deliver on time
Collaborate
Never compromise quality
Build incrementally from firm foundations
Develop iteratively
Communicate continuously and clearly
Demonstrate control - 38What are the phases of DSDM Methodology?Feasibility Study
Business Study
Functional Model Iteration
System Design and Build Iteration
Implementation - 39What are some advantages of DSDM Methodology?Provides a technique-independent process.
Flexible in terms of requirement evolution.
Strict time and budget adherence.
Incorporates stakeholders into the development process.
There is an emphasis on training so, one tester is expected to be on each project team. - 40What are some disadvantages of DSDM Methodology?Involved progressive development of requirements.
Focus on RAD can lead to a decrease in code robustness.
Requires full commitment to DSDM process.
Requires a skilled development team in both the businesses and technical areas.
Expects continuous user involvement.
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- Descrição
- A level ICT - A Level FlashCards sobre 8.3 Development Methodologies, criado por Cameron Taylor em 26-05-2018.
- Criado por
- Cameron Taylor · mai 2018
- Atualizado
- 29 mai 2018
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