Flashcards
P07 Renaissance and Reformation Key Terms
Flashcards do conjunto (32)
- 1Avignon PapacyThe Papacy's movement to the city of Avignon, France. Pope Clement moved the Papal Court there in 1309 and it remained there for about 70 years. In 1378 reformers elected another Pope to rule from Rome (Pope Gregory XI), and this later lead to the Great Schism.
- 2PetrarchConsidered the father of Humanism (1304-1374).
- 3Bubonic PlagueA horrible virus that spread throughout Europe during the middle ages wiping out 25-50% of its total population. People were completely oblivious as to where the virus was spreading from. This lead to many unnecessary precautions such as familiar seperation
- 4Babylonian Captivity significance to AvignonIn the Old Testament there is the story of the Babylonian Captivity. The Jews were held in Babylon for 70 years just like the Papacy was held in Avignon.
- 5The Great SchismAfter the return of the Papacy to Rome, after the Avignon Captivity Pope Urban VI was elected as a result of demands from Roman protesters. Shortly after Clement VII was elected seperatly
- 6ConciliaristsWanted to fix things in the Catholic Church
- 7John WycliffBelieved that the Bible should be interpreted strictly and directly.
- 8RenaissanceThe rebirth of ideas in certain areas of Europe during the 14-16 century.
- 9City-StateOne city is in control of a large area surrounding the city.
- 10SignoriThe peak of the Italian City-State hierarchy in places like Venice, Florence, and Milan. There was one sole ruler in charge.
- 11PopoloThe lower classes of the Renaissance
- 12PatronageThe funding and economic support of Artists given by the wealthy classes so that they would be able to paint and make masterpieces.
- 13The MedicisThis grand family ruled the city state of Florence for around 300 years. Many became Popes or held the office as Bishop or Cardinal.
- 14SavanorolaA Dominican Friar who ousted the Medici family and took power of Florence. He outlawed behavior that went against Catholic Teachings.
- 15HumanismThe desire and thirst to learn (a passion). -Philosophical Education
Cosimo de Medici was a big patron of this style of learning. - 16The Courtier (1548)A book that gave lessons on how to dress, act, train oneself for success, and to be a proper gentleman. It was mainly for men.
- 17Christian HumanismItalian Humanism with religious teachings.
- 18The Guttenberg Printing PressGuttenberg invented the printing press in Germany in 1448. It marked the beginning of the printing revolution.
- 19Querelle Des FemmesThe debate over women. Could they handle politics? It was centered around the nature of women and their character.
- 20MisogynistDislikes women strongly
- 21Amelia LanyerWrites a letter taking on the persona of Eve apologizing to Queen Anne on Eve's behalf. It tells Queen Anne to blame Eve not modern women.
- 22Christine de PizanShe believed in expanding women's rights. Her father was an astrologer to King Charles V. She was educated at the University of Bologna.
- 23The Spanish InquisitionA mass expulsion of Jews from Spain, right after the Moors were expelled. 40% of the Jewish population was forced to convert or be killed.
- 24Spanish ReconquistaSpain was reunified when Isabella and Ferdinand married. The two regions of Castille and Aragon were brought together.
- 25Bonfires of the VanitiesBooks that did not involve Catholic teaching, or that violated it were burned in bonfires by Savonarola.
- 26Spider KingLouis XI of France. Took back many territories and laid the groundwork for the French Bourgeoisie.
- 27Pope Leo XBelieved in selling Indulgences to fund Church Construction projects. He used the Archbishop of Mainz to do the dirty work.
- 28Anti ClericalismThe strong opposition to clergy members.
- 29Martin LutherHe disliked the law of the Catholic Church. He believed in the strict interpretation of scripture. He also argued that Catholic laws lead to corruption. He viewed sainthood as idolatrous.
- 30Ulrich SwingliBelieved in non-celibate clergy.
- 31AnabaptistBelieved in adult Baptisms. In 1524 this group began to preach the end of times. Part of the Radical and Peasant Wars.
- 32Women in the ReformationThey began to have a say in Church/ Political life.
EX: Anna Jansz, Catherine of Navarre argued on the topic of Religion and Tolernace. Quakers allowed women to speak at meetings.
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