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Flashcards

Materials

HRYN red Year 9 Inglês 52 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (52)

  1. 1What is an Atom?particles that make up all substances
    The smallest part of an element
  2. 2What is an element?A substance made up of only one kind of atom
    a Substance that cannot be split up into anything simpiler by chemical reactions, all the atoms are the same
  3. 3What is a compound?substances that can be split into simpler substances since it contains the atom of 2 or more elements joined together.
  4. 4What is a Mixture?a substance existing of atoms that can be easily separated as they are not joined together
  5. 5What are atoms made of?protons
    electrons
    nutrons
  6. 6What is an electron?a tiny particle with a negative charge that is found within atoms.
  7. 7What is a proton?a tiny particle with a positive charge that is found within atoms
  8. 8What is a neutron?a tiny particle without an electric charge.
  9. 9what is the link between protons and electrons(2)there are the same amount of particles of electrons as protons.
    electrons and protons are negative and positive so cancel each other out.
  10. 10what is the mass of a proton, electron and neutron?proton-1
    electron-0(almost)
    neutron-1
  11. 11what is the mass of an atom?neutron + proton = mass of atom
  12. 12what is the nucleus?the center of a proton: has a positive charge
  13. 13How do you find the atomic number on the periodic table? what is it?the bigger number on the periodic table
    it is the mass of the atom
  14. 14How do you find the atomic number on the periodic table and what is it?the atomic number is the amount of protons it has
    It is the smaller number usually on the bottom.
  15. 15What is special about group 0 or 8?They are unreactive because they have a full outer shell
  16. 16How does the periodic table arrange elements?the periodic table arranges elements by atomic number(proton number).
    Also, the number of outer hsell electrons match the group the element is found in: if it has one electron to gain or left over its in group 1 as it only needs 1...
  17. 17Where are transition metals found?in the middle of the periodic table
  18. 18What are 3 differences between group 1 elements and transition metals?transition metals- higher melting points
    don't react in water. dense .
    Group 1 elements- react in water, lower melting points than transition metals, light.
  19. 19What is a Alloied?2 or more elements joined together
  20. 20what do the first 3 sheels in a atom contain how many electrons?1st shell holds 2 electrons
    2nd shell holds 8 electrons
    3rd shell holds 8 electrons
  21. 21How do atoms get a full outer shell?by stealing, sharing or losing their electrons in a chemical reaction
  22. 22What are valence electrons?electrons in the outer shell
  23. 23What are some properties of metals?conductive of heat and electricity
    shiny
    have high melting points
  24. 24What does metallic bonding bond?metals of the same type together
  25. 25how does metallic bonding occur?metals have free electrons floating in there outer shell and they separate from their atoms and become delocalized creating a 'sea of electrons'. The atoms become positive ions and are attracted to these spare electrons from the same type of metal. Therefore, they attract to the same metal and electrons move to other protons in other of the same metal
  26. 26What do metal ions form?lattice which is more tightly packed and denser than the lattices in ionic compounds. They from crystals called grains.
  27. 27What does ionic bonding bond?a metal and a non-metal
  28. 28how does ionic bonding occur?metal atoms lose their electrons and the non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negative ions. For example, lithium + chlorine = lithiumchlorine. li + CH = LiCH
    li- one atom lost goes to CH- one atom gained.
  29. 29What does covalent bonding bond?non-metal bonding
  30. 30how does covalent bonding bond?all the atoms in a non-metal want to gain a electron so they have to share with other non-metal atoms. Many exist as molecules.
    eg: H2 (a single bonding) share one electron each so they both have 2 electrons in their outer shell.
  31. 31how are sedimentary rocks formed?sedimentation sinks to the bottom of the river(transported from up hill) and is compacted has a cementation to form sedimentary rocks
  32. 32What is cementation?when water from the rocks get squeased out from compaction and form crystals. The crystals form a glue that sticks the pieces of rock together.
  33. 33How are metamorphic rocks created?some sedimentary rock bury at high tempatures and pressure but do not melt. They form over time.
  34. 34give 2 examples of metamorphic rock and where they came fromslate (came from shale)
    marble (came from limestone)
  35. 35What are 4 examples of sedimentary rock?chalk
    limestone
    sandstone
    shale
  36. 36what does porous mean?water can get into
  37. 37how is magma created?when metamorphic rock or sedimentary rock melts
  38. 38how is igneous rock formed? what are the 2 types?extrusive igneous rock- when magma erupts from a volcano and cools.
    intrusive igneous rock- when magma cools underground.
  39. 39what are 2 examples of igneous rock?basalt
    garnet
  40. 40how do the 3 rocks get to the surface?uplift
  41. 41what is weathering?the wearing away of rocks
  42. 42what is erosionthe movement of broken pieces away from the site of weathering
  43. 43what are 3 things that can cause weathering?temperature
    the effects of wind, rain and waves
    freeze-thaw
  44. 44how does Freeze-thaw weathering work?water gets into a crack and freezes, expanding the rock. Then, the water melts and then more water can get into the crack and again freeze and expand the crack again. It does this until the rock falls off.
  45. 45How does tempature cause weathering?The heat expands the cracks and then the cool contracts the cracks until bits of the rock falls off
  46. 46What happends after weathering and erosion in the rock cycle?it transports back to the river or sea to then be sedimentated.
  47. 47How big are igneous rocks crystals?when they cool quickly they have smaller crystals. When they cool slow they have larger crystals
  48. 48what is an alloy?2 or more elements in a mixture, at least one is a metal
  49. 49why is an alloy harder than the metals they are made from?it is more difficult for layers of atoms to slide over each other as they have different sizes./ the structure
  50. 50What are smart alloys?can return to their original shape after being bent
  51. 51What is nanotechnology?the use and control of very small structures that are 1-100 Nano size.
  52. 52what are nanoparticles?very small in size and high surface are to volume rations so they can enter biological tissue.

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Year 9 (Science) FlashCards sobre Materials, criado por HRYN red em 01-01-2019.
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HRYN red
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