Flashcards
AQA Chemistry Organic chemistry
Flashcards do conjunto (31)
- 1What is an emperical formula?Gives the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound.
- 2what is molecular fomula?gives the actual number of atoms of each element present in one molecule.
- 3What is a displayed formula?shows all the atoms and bonds present in a molecule.
- 4what is a structural formula?shows the unique arrangement of atoms in a molecule in a simplified form, without showing all the bonds.
- 5What is a functional group?an atom or a group of atoms which, when present in different molecules, causes them to have similar properties
- 6What is a homologous series?a family of molecules which all contain the same functional group but an increasing number of carbon atoms.
- 7State the formula for the alkyl group: 1) Methyl 2) Ethyl 3) Propyl 4) Butyl 5) Pentyl 6) Hexyl1)CH3
2)C2H5
3)C3H7
4)C4H9
5)C5H11
6)C6H13 - 8What is meant by the term structural isomerism?has the same molecular formula but a different structural formula.
- 9What is meant by the term chain isomerism?isomers have the same molecular formula but the carbon skeleton Is arranged in a different way.
- 10What is meant by the term position isomerism?Isomers have the same molecular formula and carbon skeleton is arranged in the same way by functional group occurs in a different position.
- 11What is meant by the term functional group isomerism?Isomers have the same molecular formula but different functional groups.
- 12What are saturated hydro-carbons called?Alkanes.
- 13What does petroleum mainly consist of?Alkane hydro-carbons.
- 14What is a fraction?A mixture of compounds with a narrow range of boiling points.
- 15Why is it said that a fractional tower has a negative temperature gradient?it is hot at the bottom and cool at the top.
- 16What is broken in alkanes during cracking?The C-C bonds.
- 17Why do larger hydrocarbons have higher boiling points?have more van der waals forces therefore require more energy to break the intermolecular bonds.
- 18Under what conditions does thermal cracking take place?1) High pressure
2) High temp - 19Under what conditions does catalytic cracking take place?1) slight pressure
2) high temp
3) zeolite catalyst - 20What types of products does thermal cracking make?alkenes
(+ some short chain alkanes and hydrogen) - 21What types of products does catalytic cracking make?1) Branched chain alkanes
2) aromatic hydrocarbons
3) cycloalkanes - 22what can the products of thermal cracking be used as?makes polymers (plastics)
- 23what can the products of catalytic cracking be used as?to make motor fuel.
- 24What are the economic reasons for cracking?To turn less useful hydrocarbons into more useful ones that can be sold to make money.
We also need cracking to reach the global demand. - 25what are the products of incomplete combustion?CO (or C) and H20
- 26what are the products of complete combustion?CO2 + H20
- 27What are the different pollutants that an internal combustion engine produces?NOx, CO and unburned hydrocarbons.
- 28What does the combustion of hydrocarbons containing sulphur lead to?sulphur dioxide ---> acid rain
can be removed from flue gasses using calcium oxide. - 29Name 3 greenhouse gasses.Carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour.
- 30What do un burnt hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen contribute to?Smog.
- 31What catalysts are used in catalytic converters? and why?Platinum, Rhodium or Palladium. They provide a large surface area, increasing the rate of reaction of converting harmful substances into less harmful ones.
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- A Level AS AQA Chemistry (Unit 1) FlashCards sobre AQA Chemistry Organic chemistry, criado por Megan Vann em 28-11-2014.
- Criado por
- Megan Vann
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