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Flashcards

Chapter 23

so what Inglês 94 flashcards

Chapter 23

Flashcards do conjunto (94)

  1. 1(fig. 23.1) List structures of the upper and lower respiratory tract(fig. 23.1) List structures of the upper and lower respiratory tract
  2. 2Identify two functional zones o the respiratory tract and explain the structures involved in eachIdentify two functional zones o the respiratory tract and explain the structures involved in each
  3. 3Name the structure that produces mucinMucous and serous glands with in goblet cells of the respiratory epithelium
  4. 4Describe the functions of mucinDescribe the functions of mucin
  5. 5State the function of the superior, middle, and inferior nasal conchaeState the function of the superior, middle, and inferior nasal conchae
  6. 6State the function of the olfactory epitheliumState the function of the olfactory epithelium
  7. 7Name the four pairs of paranasal sinusesName the four pairs of paranasal sinuses
  8. 8State the general functions of the paranasal sinusesConnection to the Nasal cavityState the general functions of the paranasal sinuses
  9. 9Function of the soft palate -nasopharynxFunction of the soft palate -nasopharynx
  10. 10Function of the pharyngeal tonsil- nasopharynxComposed of lymphatic tissue and help prevent the spread of infectionsFunction of the pharyngeal tonsil- nasopharynx
  11. 11Function of the auditory tube (Eustachian tube)- nasopharynxConnect the nasopharynx to the middle ear; equalize air pressureFunction of the auditory tube (Eustachian tube)- nasopharynx
  12. 12Name the two tonsils in the oropharynxPalatine and lingual
  13. 13Location and function of the epiglottisCloses over the Laryngeal during swallowingLocation and function of the epiglottis
  14. 14Name the three unpaired cartilaginous structures of the larynxj
  15. 15Briefly describe the anatomy of the vocal folds and functionProduce sound when air passes throughBriefly describe the anatomy of the vocal folds and function
  16. 16Describe how sound is producedDescribe how sound is produced
  17. 17Describe the three charac. of sound : range, pitch, and loudnessDescribe the three charac. of sound : range, pitch, and loudness
  18. 18Describe the C-shaped ring tracheal cartilages that make tracheaDescribe the C-shaped ring tracheal cartilages that make trachea
  19. 19State the function of C-shaped ring cartilagesState the function of C-shaped ring cartilages
  20. 20(fig. 23.10) trace the pathway of air from the end of trachea to the terminal brinchioles(fig. 23.10) trace the pathway of air from the end of trachea to the terminal brinchioles
  21. 21(fig. 23.10) Explain the sign. structural differences in size of the cartilage and smooth muscles in the wall of bronchi and bronchioles(fig. 23.10) Explain the sign. structural differences in size of the cartilage and smooth muscles in the wall of bronchi and bronchioles
  22. 22(fig. 23.10) Explain the role of smooth muscles in the bronchioles(fig. 23.10) Explain the role of smooth muscles in the bronchioles
  23. 23State the major function of the respiratory zoneGas exchange
  24. 24State the function of the three cells that form the alveolar wall: alveolar type I, alveolar type II, alveolar macrophageState the function of the three cells that form the alveolar wall: alveolar type I, alveolar type II, alveolar macrophage
  25. 25List in order the structures of the respiratory membraneList in order the structures of the respiratory membrane
  26. 26Describe the direction of oxygen and Carbon dioxide diffusion at the the respiratory membraneDescribe the direction of oxygen and Carbon dioxide diffusion at the the respiratory membrane
  27. 27State the number of lobes in the right and left lungsState the number of lobes in the right and left lungs
  28. 28Name the structures found in the hilum of the lungName the structures found in the hilum of the lung
  29. 29Name the structures in each bronchopulmonary segment of a lungName the structures in each bronchopulmonary segment of a lung
  30. 30Describe the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation on the lungsDescribe the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation on the lungs
  31. 31Describe the pleural membrane and the pleural cavityeach lung has its own Pleural memebranesDescribe the pleural membrane and the pleural cavity
  32. 32function of serous fluid in the pleural cavitydecrease friction between memebranes
  33. 33Name the three properties of the lung which keep it inflatedName the three properties of the lung which keep it inflated
  34. 34Define intrapleural pressure and intrapulmonary pressureDefine intrapleural pressure and intrapulmonary pressure
  35. 35Function of the pressure gradient between the intrapleural pressure and intrapulmonary pressureFunction of the pressure gradient between the intrapleural pressure and intrapulmonary pressure
  36. 36Define Pulmonary ventilationDefine Pulmonary ventilation
  37. 37Name the general phases of ventilaionName the general phases of ventilaion
  38. 38(fig. 23.19) Name the muscles udes in quiet breathing, forced inspiration, and forced expiration(fig. 23.19) Name the muscles udes in quiet breathing, forced inspiration, and forced expiration
  39. 39(fig. 23.30) Explain the volume changes in the thoracic cavity during inspiration and expiration(fig. 23.30) Explain the volume changes in the thoracic cavity during inspiration and expiration
  40. 40Define the pressure gradientDefine the pressure gradient
  41. 41State Boyle's law regarding the relationship between pressure of a gas and volume of a container (thoracic cavity)State Boyle's law regarding the relationship between pressure of a gas and volume of a container (thoracic cavity)
  42. 42(table 23.3) Describe the change in volume and pressure during quiet inspiration and expiration(table 23.3) Describe the change in volume and pressure during quiet inspiration and expiration
  43. 43Define forced breathingDefine forced breathing
  44. 44Describe the change in volume and pressure during forced breathing compared to quiet breathingDescribe the change in volume and pressure during forced breathing compared to quiet breathing
  45. 45Name the two respiratory centers in the brain stem that control respirationMedullary Respiratory center & Pontine respiratory center
  46. 46Name the types of sensory receptors that relay sensations to the respiratory centersCheomoreceptors, proprioceptors, irritant and baroreceptorsName the types of sensory receptors that relay sensations to the respiratory centers
  47. 47Name three major stimuli influencing the respiratory centerCO2, H+, O2
  48. 48Describe the difference in central and peripheral chemoreceptorsDescribe the difference in central and peripheral chemoreceptors
  49. 49Describe how the skeletal muscles involved in breathing are altered when the respiratory centers are stimulatedDescribe how the skeletal muscles involved in breathing are altered when the respiratory centers are stimulated
  50. 50Change in the respiratory rate and depth via the the stimuli: increase in blood pCO2 (arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide)Change in the respiratory rate and depth via the the stimuli: increase in blood pCO2 (arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide)
  51. 51Change in the respiratory rate and depth via the the stimuli: increase in blood H+Change in the respiratory rate and depth via the the stimuli: increase in blood H+
  52. 52Change in the respiratory rate and depth via the the stimuli: increase in H+ within the CSFChange in the respiratory rate and depth via the the stimuli: increase in H+ within the CSF
  53. 53Change in the respiratory rate and depth via the the stimuli: Decreased in blood pO2 (arterial partial pressure of oxygen)pO2 must decrease to below 60 to stimulate chemoreceptorsChange in the respiratory rate and depth via the the stimuli: Decreased in blood pO2 (arterial partial pressure of oxygen)
  54. 54Define air flowDefine air flow
  55. 55Name two factors that determine airflowPressure gradient and air flow
  56. 56Define a pressure gradientDefine a pressure gradient
  57. 57explain the relationship between airflow and pressure gradientexplain the relationship between airflow and pressure gradient
  58. 58define compliancedefine compliance
  59. 59Explain the relationship between airflow and complianceExplain the relationship between airflow and compliance
  60. 60describe how breathing is altered if resistance is increaseddescribe how breathing is altered if resistance is increased
  61. 61Define pulmonary ventilationDefine pulmonary ventilation
  62. 62Define alveolar ventilationDefine alveolar ventilation
  63. 63Define dead space in lungsDefine dead space in lungs
  64. 64Explain whether which one is more effective in maximizing the alveolar ventilation: long, slow and deep breathing or fast and shallow breathingExplain whether which one is more effective in maximizing the alveolar ventilation: long, slow and deep breathing or fast and shallow bre...
  65. 65State the formula and calc the partial pressure of each gas (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor) in the atmosphereState the formula and calc the partial pressure of each gas (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor) in the atmosphere
  66. 66State Dalton's law about the relationship of partial pressure to total pressureState Dalton's law about the relationship of partial pressure to total pressure
  67. 67Define partial pressure gradientDefine partial pressure gradient
  68. 68Explain the movement of gases relative to the partial pressure gradientExplain the movement of gases relative to the partial pressure gradient
  69. 69CALC the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in alveoli and systemic cellsCALC the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in alveoli and systemic cells
  70. 70Describe Henry's lawDescribe Henry's law
  71. 71Explain the degree of solubility for the three gases nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide dissolved in waterExplain the degree of solubility for the three gases nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide dissolved in water
  72. 72Differentiate between alveolar and systemic gas exchangeDifferentiate between alveolar and systemic gas exchange
  73. 73(fig. 23.25b) Describe the partial pressure gradient of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases between the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillariees(fig. 23.25b) Describe the partial pressure gradient of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases between the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonar...
  74. 74Explain the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in external respirationExplain the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in external respiration
  75. 75Describe how large surface area and minimal thickness of the respiratory membrane contribute to the efficient alveolar gas exchangeDescribe how large surface area and minimal thickness of the respiratory membrane contribute to the efficient alveolar gas exchange
  76. 76(fig. 23.26) briefly explain ventilation and perfusion coupling and how it maximizes alveolar gas exchange(fig. 23.26) briefly explain ventilation and perfusion coupling and how it maximizes alveolar gas exchange
  77. 77(fig. 23.25c) Describe the partial pressure gradient of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases between the blood in systemic capillaries and the systemic cells(fig. 23.25c) Describe the partial pressure gradient of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases between the blood in systemic capillaries and the...
  78. 78explain the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in internal respirationexplain the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in internal respiration
  79. 79Name two ways oxygen is transported in the bloodPlasma and Erythrocytes
  80. 80Explain why only 2% of oxygen is dissolved in plasmaExplain why only 2% of oxygen is dissolved in plasma
  81. 81Define oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobinDefine oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin
  82. 82Identify the percent of O2 saturation of hemoglobinIdentify the percent of O2 saturation of hemoglobin
  83. 83(fig. 23.28) to explain the relationship between pO2 and the percent O2 saturation of hemoglobin(fig. 23.28) to explain the relationship between pO2 and the percent O2 saturation of hemoglobin
  84. 84(fig. 23.29) Name the 4 variables that influence oxygen release from hemoglobin during systemic exchange(fig. 23.29) Name the 4 variables that influence oxygen release from hemoglobin during systemic exchange
  85. 85Name three ways that carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodName three ways that carbon dioxide is transported in the blood
  86. 86Define carbaminohemoglobinDefine carbaminohemoglobin
  87. 87(fig. 23.27) Describe the conversion of CO2 to bicarbonate at the systemic capillaries and the conversion of bicarbonate to CO2 at the pulmonary capillaries(fig. 23.27) Describe the conversion of CO2 to bicarbonate at the systemic capillaries and the conversion of bicarbonate to CO2 at the pu...
  88. 88Define hyperventilationDefine hyperventilation
  89. 89How hyperventilation causes Hypocapnia (low pCO2 in the blood)How hyperventilation causes Hypocapnia (low pCO2 in the blood)
  90. 90How hyperventilation causes Respiratory alkalosisHow hyperventilation causes Respiratory alkalosis
  91. 91define hypoventilationdefine hypoventilation
  92. 92Describe how hypoventilation causes Hypoxemia/hypoxiaDescribe how hypoventilation causes Hypoxemia/hypoxia
  93. 93Describe how hypoventilation causes HypercapniaDescribe how hypoventilation causes Hypercapnia
  94. 94Describe how hyperventilation causes respiratory acidosisDescribe how hyperventilation causes respiratory acidosis

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FlashCards sobre Chapter 23, criado por so what em 02-04-2019.
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so what
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