Flashcards
Climate Change
Flashcards do conjunto (29)
- 1When was the Quarternary Period?2.6 million years ago to now
- 2How long do glacial and interglacial periods last?Glacial periods last 100,000 years and interglacial periods last 10,000 years
- 3List the evidence for climate change.Ice and sediment cores, temperature records, pollen analysis, tree rings
- 4How do ice and sediment cores provide evidence for climate change?Ice sheets made up of layers of ice, by analysing gases trapped in layers of ice scientists tell what temp was each year. Remains of organisms found in cores taken from ocean sediments can be analysed
- 5How do temperature records provide evidence for climate change?Temperatures have been recorded globally since 1850, reliable but short term record of temp change
- 6How doe pollen analysis provide evidence for climate change?Plant pollen can be preserved in sediment. Comparing plant pollen from sediment and plant pollen from now indicates what differences have occurred between the current and past climate
- 7How do tree rings provide evidence for climate change?Tree rings thicker in warm and wet conditions, thickness of each ring shows what climate was like, can tell age by number of rings (form a new ring each year)
- 8What are the natural causes of climate change?Orbital changes, volcanic activity, solar output variation
- 9How do orbital changes cause climate change?Earth's orbit around sun changes from circular to ellliptical and back to circular, affects how much energy earth receives, if earth receives more energy it gets warmer
- 10How does volcanic activity cause climate change?Major eruptions eject large quantities of material into atmosphere, some of the particles reflect suns rays back out to space so earths surface cools, volcanoes also release CO2
- 11How does solar output variation cause climate change?Suns output energy isn't constant, periods when solar output is reduced may cause earths climate to become cooler
- 12What are the human causes of climate change?Cement production, burning fossil fuels, deforestation, farming
- 13How does cement production cause climate change?Cement made from limestone which contains carbon, when cement produced CO2 released
- 14How does burning fossil fuels cause climate change?Coal, oil, natural gas release CO2 when burnt
- 15How does farming cause climate change?Farming of livestock produces a lot of methane, rice paddies contribute to global warming as flooded fields emit methane
- 16How does deforestation cause climate change?Plants stop taking in CO2, CO2 released when trees burnt for fuel
- 17What are the environmental effects of climate change?Glaciers shrink, ice sheets melt, melting of ice on land means sea levels rise, rising sea levels mean coastal areas flooded more often, changes to precipitation patterns
- 18What are the effects to people of climate change?Low-lying coastal areas flood so often become impossible to inhabit leading to migration/overcrowding, lower crop yields mean malnutrition, more money spent on extreme weather
- 19What do mitigation strategies aim to do?Reduce the causes of climate change
- 20What are examples of mitigation strategies?Planting trees, alternative energy production, CCS, international agreements
- 21How does planting trees help reduce the causes of climate change?More CO2 absorbed through photosynthesis
- 22How does alternative energy production help reduce the causes of climate change?Replacing fossil fuels with nuclear power and renewables reduces greenhouse gas emissions from power stations, in UK more offshore windfarms being built
- 23How does CCS help reduce the causes of climate change?Captures CO2, transports it to places it can be stored safely eg deep underground
- 24How do international agreements help reduce the causes of climate change?From 1997 most countries signed Kyoto Protocol, each country set target eg UK to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 12.5% by 2012
- 25What do adaptation strategies aim to do?Respond to changes caused by climate change
- 26What are examples of adaptation strategies?Changing agricultural systems, managing water supply, coping with rising sea levels
- 27How does changing agricultural systems respond to the changes caused by climate change?Planting new crop types more suitable to new climate conditions eg grapes in southern England, biotechnology used to create new crop types more resistant to extreme weather events
- 28How does managing water supply respond to the changes caused by climate change?Water meters installed in homes to discourage people form using lots of water, rainwater collected, waste water recycled to make more water available
- 29How does coping with rising sea levels respond to the changes caused by climate change?Physical defences built, better flood warning systems put in place, in areas that can't afford flood defences (Bangladesh) people build houses on top of earth embankments and build raised flood shelters to use in emergencies
Informações
- Descrição
- GCSE Geography FlashCards sobre Climate Change, criado por Sophie Howe em 04-02-2021.
- Criado por
- Sophie Howe · fev 2021
- Atualizado
- 4 fev 2021
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