Flashcards
flashcards, chapter two
Flashcards do conjunto (37)
- 1acidA substance that releases hydrogen ions when it dissolves in water.
- 2acidicIt's a concentration of H+ that exceeds the concentration of HO-.
- 3antioxidantMolecules that make a group together, and that react with free radicals and render them harmless.
- 4atomThe smallest unit of an element; it retains all the chemical properties of that element.
- 5atomic nucleusAll the protons and neutrons that are clustered close together in the center of the atom.
- 6atomic numberThe number of protons in the nucleus; is the feature that defines each element, making it distinct from all others.
- 7baseSubstance that combines with hydrogen ions, reducing their numbers.
- 8basicSolutions that's formed when the concentration of OH- is greater than the concentration of H+.
- 9bufferType of molecule that tends to maintain a solution at a constant pH by accepting or releasing H+ in response to small changes in H+ concentration.
- 10chemical bondAttractive forces that hold atoms together in molecules.
- 11cohesionTendency for molecules of a single type to stick together.
- 12covalent bondChemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, these electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs, and the stable balance of attractive and they're formed when repulsive forces between atoms share electrons.
- 13dissolveWhen a solvent completely surrounds and disperses the individual atoms or molecules of another substance.
- 14electronCarry a single negative charge.
- 15electron shellSpace where electrons occupy complex three-dimensional regions around the nucleus.
- 16elementSubstance that can not be separated into simpler substances, and can not be converted into another substance by ordinary chemical reactions.
- 17free radicalAtoms and molecules with unfilled outer shells that can tear other molecules apart with their reactions.
- 18heat of vaporizationAmount of heat needed in order for substances to evaporate.
- 19hydrogen bondAttraction between a slightly positive hydrogen and a slightly negative oxygen or nitrogen located in a nearby molecule or in another part of the same molecule.
- 20hydrophilicIons and polar molecules with electrical attraction for water molecules.
- 21hydrophobicLarger molecules wit non-polar covalent bonds, such as fat and oil, that do not dissolve in water and hence.
- 22hydrophobic interactionThe tendency of oil molecules to clump together in water.
- 23ionAn atom that has acquired an overall positive or negative charge.
- 24ionic bondElectrical attraction between positively and negatively charged ions.
- 25isotopesAtoms of the same element with different number of neutrons.
- 26mass numberTotal number of the protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.
- 27moleculeAtoms of the same or different elements linked together.
- 28neutronNo charged atoms.
- 29non polar covalent bondBonds were there's no charge on any part of the molecule.
- 30pH scaleScale that goes from 0 to 14 that measures how acidic or basic a solution is.
- 31polar covalent bondUnequally shared electrons.
- 32protonAtoms which carry a single positive charge.
- 33radioactiveSubstances that spontaneously break apart their nucleus.
- 34solutionA solvent containing one or more dissolved substances.
- 35solventSubstance that dissolves some other substance.
- 36specific heatThe energy required to heat 1 gram of substance by 1 Centi degrees.
- 37surface tensionTendency of a water surface to resist being broken.
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- FlashCards sobre flashcards, chapter two , criado por María Daniela Portillo Ortiz em 18-02-2021.
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- María Daniela Portillo Ortiz
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