Flashcards
AQA Physics Unit 1 Part 5 - Waves
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- 15 - Waves5.1 - The nature of waves
- Waves transfer energy and information
- Mechanical waves are vibrations that travel through a medium
- Electromagnetic waves are able to travel through a vacuum at the same speed of 300,000 km per second without a medium
- Transverse waves vibrate at right angles to the direction of energy transfer of the waves. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves
- Longitudinal waves vibrate parallel to the direction of energy transfer of the waves. Sound wave is an example of longitudinal waves. - 25.2 - Measuring waves - For any wave its amplitude is height of the wave crest or the depth of the wave trough from the position at rest - For any wave, its frequency is the number of wave crests passing a point in one second - For any wave, its wavelength is the distance from one wave crest to the next wave crest. - This is the same for the distance of one wave trough to the next wave trough - v = f x h5.3 - Wave properties: reflection
- The normal at a point on a mirror is a line drawn perpendicular to the mirror
- Light ray is reflected by a plane mirror
- The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the normal
- The angle of reflection is the angle between reflected ray and the normal - 35. - Wave properties: refraction - Refraction is the change of direction of waves when they travel across a boundary - when light ray reflects as it travels from air into glass, the angle of refraction is less than the angle of incidence - when a light rays refracts as it travels from glass into air, the angle of refraction is more than the angle of incidence - refraction by a prism the white light passes through the prism and beams come out in different direction to the incident ray and splits into the colours of the spectrum - white light contains all the colours of the spectrum5.5 - Wave properties: diffraction
- Diffraction is the spreading out of waves when they pass through a gap or round the edge of an obstacle.
- narrower the gap, the greater the diffraction is
- Diffraction of light is an important optical instrument that's used to see things clearly from far away such as Hubble space telescope.
- Diffraction of ultrasonic waves is an important factor of the ultrasonic scanner. The waves are sound waves at frequencies above the range of the human ear
- the narrower the gap is, the greater the diffraction
- if radio waves don't diffract enough when travelling over hills or mountains the radio and TV reception will be poor. - 45.6 - Sound - The frequency range of a human ear is from 20Hz to 20000 Hz. - Sound waves are vibrations that travel through a medium (a substance) and can not travel through a vacuum ( space is a vacuum) - Echoes occur when sound waves reflect from a smooth, hard surface. This is known as reflection of sound. - Refraction of sound is boundaries between layers of air at different temperatures5.7 - Musical sounds
- Amplitude is the height of a wave crest or wave trough of a transverse from the rest position. Of oscillating motion is the maximum distance moved by an oscillating object from its equilibrium position
- Frequency is the number of wave crests passing a fixed point every second
- The pitch of a note increases if the frequency off the sound waves increases
- Loudness of a note increases when the amplitude of the sound waves increase
- Vibrations created in an instrument when played produce sound waves
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- GCSE Physics FlashCards sobre AQA Physics Unit 1 Part 5 - Waves , criado por azini em 11-06-2015.
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