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Flashcards

Physics keywords

Kay Townsend Physics GCSE Inglês 47 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (47)

  1. 1SystemsIs an object or group of objects.
  2. 2EnergyWhen a system changes there are changes in the way energy is stored.
  3. 3Kinetic energyOf a moving object.
    Measured in joules.
  4. 4Gravitational potential energy. (GPE)Gained by raising an object above ground level.
    Measured in joules.
  5. 5Elastic energyStored in stretched or compressed spring.
    Measured in joules.
  6. 6Internal energyIs the total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles that make up a system.
  7. 7Specific heat capacityAmount of energy required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of the substance by one degrees Celsius.
  8. 8TransferredEnergy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated.
  9. 9DissipatedSpread out to the surroundings.
  10. 10renewableRenewable energy sources, which can be replenished.
  11. 11CurrentElectric current is the flow of electrical charge.
    Measured in amperes.
  12. 12ResistanceResistance of a component is the measure of how it resists the flow of charge.
  13. 13Potential difference.Tells us the difference in electrical potential from one point in the circuit to another.
  14. 14Oh if conductorIs a resistor in which the current is directly proportional to the potential different at a constant temperature.
  15. 15SeriesElectrical components can be connected in series circuits
  16. 16ParallelElectrical components can be connected in parallel circuits.
  17. 17Direct current (D.C)Has a direct potential difference i.e. one that has a positive or always negative.
  18. 18Alternating current (A.C.)Has a alternating potential difference i.e. one that has an alternates from positive to negative.
  19. 19PowerIs the rate at which energy is transferred or work is done.
  20. 20EfficiencyIs the ratio of useful energy out to total energy in.
  21. 21National gridIs a system of cables and transformers linking power stations to homes and businesses
  22. 22TransformerTransfers electricity
  23. 23State of matterThree states of matter: solid, liquid and gas.
  24. 24IncompressibleCannot be squashed.
  25. 25Particles.No gaps between the particles.
  26. 26DensityOf a material is its mass per unit volume.
  27. 27Latent heat of fusionIs the energy needed for a substance to change from a solid to a liquid (melt)
  28. 28Latent heat of vaporisationIs the energy needed for a substance to change from a liquid to gas (evaporate)
  29. 29SublimationSubstances change from solid to a gas without having as liquid phase in the middle
  30. 30AtomVery small with a radius of around 1x10 power -10 metres.
  31. 31NucleusPositively charged nucleus made up from protons and neutrons, which is surrounded by negativity charged electrons.
  32. 32ProtonHave a electrical charge of +1
  33. 33NeutronHas a electrical change of 0
  34. 34ElectronHave a charge of -1
  35. 35IonIf an atom loses one of its outer electrons it becomes a positive ion. If an atom gains an extra electron it becomes a negative ion.
  36. 36ElementAll atoms have a particular element have the same number of protons.
  37. 37Atomic numberThe number of protons in an atom of an element is called the atomic number.
  38. 38IsotopesAtoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons. These atoms are called isotopes.
  39. 39UnstableSome atomic nuclei are unstable and give out radiation in order to become more stable.
  40. 40radioactiveRadioactive source is the rate at which it decays. It is measured in becquerels (Bq)
  41. 41AlphaIs absorbed by a few centimetres of air or a thin sheet of paper.
  42. 42BetaPasses through air and paper but is absorbed by a few millimetres of aluminium.
  43. 43GammaIs very penetrating and needs many centimetres of lead or many metres of concrete to absorb most of it .
  44. 44ContaminationIs the unwanted presence of materials containing radioactive atoms on other materials.
  45. 45IrradiationIs the process of exposing an object to nuclear radiation.
  46. 46Half-lifeThe half life of radioactive isotope is:
    The average time it takes for half of the nuclei to decay.
    The time it takes for the count rate or activity, of the sample containing the isotope to fall below 50% of its original value.
  47. 47—

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GCSE Physics FlashCards sobre Physics keywords , criado por Kay Townsend em 07-09-2022.
Criado por
Kay Townsend · set 2022
Atualizado
7 set 2022
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