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Flashcards

Chemical changes

Henok Joseph Chemistry chemical changes GCSE Inglês 51 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (51)

  1. 1What is a Universal indicator?A dye which determines the ph of a substance
  2. 2What is a Ph Probe?pH probes are devices used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a substance accuratley
  3. 3Ion produced by acid?H+
  4. 4Word equation for neutralization between acid and alkali?Acid + Alkali = Salt + Water
  5. 5What is a Base?A substance that can neutralize the acid by reacting with hydrogen ions
  6. 6Ionic equation for a neutralization reaction in terms of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions?(H+) + (OH–) --> H2O
  7. 7Why is a Burette useful for identifying the endpoint of a titration?A Burette helps add the acid into the alkali drop by drop which will help determine the endpoint more accurately.
  8. 8What should you do to increase accuracy of a Titration?Repeat the experiment to spot anomalies
  9. 9Strong acidCompletely ionizes, More amounts of H+ ions
  10. 10Weak acidPartially ionizes, Less amounts of H+ ions
  11. 11To increase the Ph of an acid you can...Add water to the solution, add less acidic solutions.
  12. 12What reaction occurs when acid reacts with alkali?Neutalization
  13. 13Metal Carbonate + Dilute acid -->salt, carbon dioxide and water.
  14. 14Carbon dioxide can be identified in a reaction between a Metal Carbonate + Dilute acid by?Fizzing
  15. 15Word equation for Sulfuric acid and Lithium hydroxideLithium sulfate + water
  16. 16Balanced Symbol equation for Sulfuric acid + Lithium HydroxideH2SO4 + 2 LiOH --> LiSO4 + 2 H2O
  17. 17Difference in the products of Sulfuric acid + Lithium Carbonate and Sulfuric acid + Lithium HydroxideSulfuric acid + Lithium Carbonate produces Salt + water + Carbon Dioxide while Sulfuric acid + Lithium Hydroxide produces Salt + water
  18. 18Word equation for Magnesium + Hydrochloric acidMagnesium + Hydrochloric acid --> Magnesium Chloride + Hydrogen
  19. 19What does the reaction of Magnesium with Hydrochloric acid produce?Positive Magnesium ions
  20. 20Why does Iron react less vigorously with hydrochloric acid than Magnesium?Magnesium is higher up in the reactivity series
  21. 21Metal + Water -->Metal + Water --> Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
  22. 22Symbol equation for Calcium and waterCa + 2 H2O --> CaOH2 + H2
  23. 23Suggest a Metal that reacts more vigorously with water than calcium?Lithium/Sodium/Potassium as they are higher in the reactivity series.
  24. 24Why are most metals in the Earth found as compounds?Many metals can react with other elements to form compounds
  25. 25Why can Magnesium not be extracted using Carbon?Magnesium is more reactive than Carbon
  26. 26Symbol equation for Iron (III) oxide Fe2 O32 Fe2O3 + 3C --> 4 Fe + 3 CO2
  27. 27How can you tell if something has been oxidized or reduced in a reaction?If it has gained oxygen or if it has lost oxygen
  28. 28Why is Magnesium Extraction very costly compared with Iron extraction?Magnesium Extraction would have high energy costs to provide the high temperature needed while Iron doesn't need to be continuously heated.
  29. 29Reduction in the terms of electron transfer?Reduction is the gain of Electrons
  30. 30Oxidation in terms of electron transfer?Oxidation is the Loss of Electrons
  31. 31Does Hydrogen lose or gain Electrons? Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl + H2Hydrogen Gains electrons as it has gone back to being a diatomic meaning it has been reduced.
  32. 32Write an Ionic equation for this reaction Mg + FeCl --> MgCl + FeMg + Fe(2+) --> Mg(2+) + Fe
  33. 33What is an electrolyte?A liquid that can conduct Electricity
  34. 34Word equation for Lead BromideLead Bromide --> Lead + Bromine
    Bromine doesn't change into oxygen as it is a Halide (group 7 element)
  35. 35What charge does a Cathode have?Negative
    (Cations)
  36. 36What charge does a Anode have?Positive
    (Anions)
  37. 37What Ions move towards the Anode?Negatively Charged Ions such as Br(-)
  38. 38What reaction happens at the anode?Oxidation
  39. 39What reaction happens at the Cathode?Reduction
  40. 40Why does Lead Bromide Have to Molten?So that the Ions can Move to the Electrode
  41. 41What is the purpose of Mixing Cryolite with Aluminum Oxide?To reduce the melting point of the electrolyte
  42. 42Why do the Electrodes need to be replaced often?This is because the Carbon in the electrode reacts with the oxygen to form Carbon Dioxide, so they degrade over time.
  43. 43What does Aqueous mean?Made from or in Water
  44. 44Ions present in an Aqueous solution of Iron ChlorideIron Ions, Hydroxide Ions, Chloride Ions, Hydrogen Ions
  45. 45What are the products at each Electrode for Iron Chloride in Electrolysis?Cathode- Hydrogen Discharged
    Anode- Chlorine Discharged
  46. 46What des inert mean?A Substance that is not Chemically Reactive
  47. 47What is produced if a Metal is more reactive than Hydrogen?Hydrogen
  48. 48What is produced if a Metal is Less reactive than Hydrogen?The metal Itself for example Copper
  49. 49What happens when Potassium Nitrate solution is electrolyzed?Potassium isn't discharged as Potassium is more reactive than hydrogen instead Hydrogen is produced.
    Nitrate isn't produced as there isn't a Halide Ion so oxygen and water is discharged.
  50. 50What is the 2 Half equations that occurs when Water is electrolyzed?Cathode: 2H(+) + 2e(-) --> H2
    Anode: 4OH(-) - 4e(-) --> O2 + 2 H2O
  51. 51—

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Henok Joseph
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