Flashcards
topic 2 software digital technology
Flashcards do conjunto (30)
- 1what is application softwareapplication software allows a user to perform a task or produce something. it enables a computer to do a particular task.
- 2what is system softwaresystem software is described as the interface between computer hardware and user applications. it enables the computer to operate its hardware and applications software.
- 3what are the modern operating systems several purposesto manage the hardware of the system.
to manage programmes installed being run.
to manage the security of the system.
to provide an interface between the user and the computer.
to allow communication between the user and the computer. - 4what is the allocating memory in system softwarethe operating system organises the sue of maimn memory between programmes and data files. programmes and data files that a user wants to accesss need to be transferred from a hard disk into main memory such as RAM before they can be used. the operating system does this by locating free memory space in RAM and then allocating this to the program or data file. when programs and files are no longer required by the user they are transferred back out of main memory to the hard disk.
- 5what is storage in system softwarethe operating system can manage the storage of data and files. data and files need to be saved and data and files that are no longer required need to be deleted.
- 6what is processing time in system softwaresystem software allocates processing time between the running programs and the users. it divides the time into a number of time slices and depending on the priority of the tasks to be processsed, each task is allocated a numebr of time slices . system performance includes response time and processor usage and this is monitored by the systme software.
- 7what is real time processing real time processingin real time processing data is processed immediatedly after it is input.
- 8what are the applications that use real-time processingairline/concert booking systems
online stock control systems
air traffic control systems - 9in computer controlled systems such as air traffic control real time processing is essential to avoid a disaster give me an examplethe current position of an airplaneneeds to be shown on the operators screen. as an airplane changes its position, the output on the screen must be updated immediatly to show the actual real position of the airplane. this ensures the pilot gets the correct information and avoids other aircraft
- 10the advantages of real time processingfast response where the immediate output may be used to adjust and improve teh next output.
can carry out jobs taht humans are unable to such as monitorimng radiation - 11the disadvantages of real-time processingvery expensive to develop and install
system failure can cost lives for example faulty airplane warning system - 12what is batch processingbatch processing involves collecting groups or batches of similar data over a period of tim then puttingh data at an agreed time.
- 13what are the applications that make use of batch processingbilling systems such as electricity/gas/telephone.
payroll systems such as weekly/monthly.
banking system such as monthly customer statements.
cheque procesing.
marking multiple choice examinations. - 14what are the advantages of batch processingjobs can be processed without a human present.
long jobs can be left processing overnight when everyone has gone home. - 15what are the disadvantages of batch processingbatched jobs can take a long time to process.
batching the input data to feed into the system can take a long time. - 16what is a multi-user systemmulti-user system involves many users at different computers to have access to the same computing resources at the same time.
- 17what is utility softwareutility software helps configure,analyse,optimise and maintain a computer. this software normally consists of small programs which are thought of as part of the operating system as they often come built in with the operating system.
- 18a utility application is a program that carries out a specific task to assist the operating system such as whatdisk defragmentation.
task scheduling.
data backup and restore. - 19what is disk defragmentationdisk defragmentation is the process where file fragemnts are physically rearranged on a disk so that they are next to eachother in adjacent blocks on the disk - they are no longer fragmentated. the process of defragmentation speeds up the time it takes to access and read files because all the data is stored in the same area of the disk.
- 20as part of the disk maintenance process a utility known as a disk defragmenter can be used this rearranges the data on the disk so that whatfiles are stored in blocks that are all together
all the free blocks are together in the same part of the disk - 21what is task schedudingtask scheduling is a method by which the processor time is divided amongst a number of tasks. the aim is to make maximum use of the processor time therefore making the system more efficient
- 22what is the features of task schedulingthe ability to run any program or open a file or open a shortcut etc. at any time you set
the scheduling software can give you an alert message before executing the job
the software will allow you to set time in seconds,minutes,hours,days or months and add multiple tasks to a list - 23what is a backupa backup is a copy of the original data or file in case it gets damaged or lost. backups are often made on separate storage devices or on a different server.
- 24a buisness or an organisation should have more tahn one copy of their data in case a whathard disk fails.
virus destroys the data stored.
user accidently deleted a file.
fire destroys the building where the data is stored. - 25what are the two main types of back upfull backup
incremental backup - 26what is full backupfull backup makes a copy of everything on the system even if it has not changed since the last backup
- 27what is incremental backupincremental backup makes a copy of only the new files or any files that have changed since the last full backup and is much quicker to make than a full backup
- 28what is anti-virus softwareanti-virus software prevents viruses from installing themselves or detect,locate and remove a virus that can affect a computer system
- 29what does an anti-virus software doscans the computer periodically to check if any software has been installed which contains malicious code that may harm the computer.
removes or quarantines these programs of its presence
prevents thses programmes from being installed
protects the computer by preventing important files from being changed - 30—
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- FlashCards sobre topic 2 software digital technology, criado por Shea Mcgovern em 23-04-2024.
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- Shea Mcgovern
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