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1—the atomic number is the number of protons it contains. This symbol tells you that the chlorine atom has 17 protons. It will also have 17 electrons, because the number of protons and electrons in an atom is the same.
The symbol also tells you that the total number of protons and neutrons in the chlorine atom is 35. Note that you can work out the number of neutrons from the mass number and atomic number. In this example, it is 35 – 17 = 18 neutrons.