Flashcards
Unit 1 Revision Cards
Flashcards do conjunto (37)
- 1What does the CPU do?The CPU makes the decisions of the computer.
- 2What is the purpose of the CPU?To process information and execute the instructions of a program.
- 3What are the four main registers of the CPU?ALU,Program Counter,General Purpose,Accumulator.
- 4What is the ALU?The arithmetic logic unit.
- 5What does the ALU do?The ALU performs logical operations,shift operations and arithmetic operations.
- 6What does the program counter do?The program counter is a special purpose register that holds the address of the next instruction to be executed.
- 7What do the general purpose registers do?The general purpose registers are there to hold data, such as numbers during arithmetic calculations and some architectures have just a single register called the accumulator.
- 8What does the accumulator do?The accumulator is where arithmetic and logic results are temporarily stored and it works in the same way as the M+ button on a calculator.
- 9What are the functions of the control unit?To control and monitor hardware attached to the system,to control the input and output of data,to control the flow of data within the CPU.
- 10What is the fetch,decode,execute cycle?The fetch,decode,execute cycle is how the CPU operates.
- 11What is fetch?Fetch causes the next instruction and any data involved to be fetched from main memory.
- 12What is decode?Decode decodes the instruction.
- 13What is execute?Execute carries out the instruction.
- 14How does clock speed affect CPU performance?The clock speed affects performance because the higher the clock speed,the higher the amount of instructions that can be processed per second.
- 15How does the number of cores affect CPU performance?The number of cores can be increased to allow more programs to run at once but having multiple cores doesn’t always mean that the computer will run faster as CPU cores have to communicate with each other through channels and this uses up some of the extra speed.
- 16How does cache size affect CPU performance?Cache Size affects CPU performance because the higher the cache size,the more data that can be stored nearer to the CPU and accessed quickly.
- 17Who was von Neumann?Von Neumann was the mathematician credited with inventing the stored program computer.
- 18What did von Neumann create?The stored program computer.
- 19What does MAR stand for?Memory Address Register.
- 20What does MDR stand for?Memory Data Register.
- 21What does MAR store?The address of the current instruction being executed,the location of the data that needs to be accessed and where data is located.
- 22What does MDR store?The actual data that is being stored in RAM,it also acts as a buffer and holds data that is copied from RAM, ready for the CPU to process it.
- 23What does RAM stand for?Random Access Memory.
- 24What does ROM stand for?Read-Only Memory.
- 25What is RAM?RAM is where all of the running programs and the data they create are stored.
- 26What is ROM?ROM is memory that stores data permanently even when the computer has been switched off.
- 27What is volatile memory?A form of memory that only stores data when the computer is turned on,and is empty when the computer is turned off.
- 28How does a computer use RAM?The computer uses RAM by storing all of the running programs and data inside it.
- 29What is stored in RAM?All of the running programs and their data.
- 30What is the most key information held in ROM?The computer's bootup instructions.
- 31What is virtual memory?Virtual memory is a part of the hard drive and it is needed to serve as an extension to RAM.
- 32What is cache memory?Cache memory is a small amount of very fast memory and it is very expensive.
- 33How does Cache Memory improve the performance of the CPU?Cache improves the performance of the CPU because it makes the data most often used by the computer almost instantly available.
- 34What is Cache Memory used for?Cache is used to store the data for programs that are used/files that are accessed frequently so they can be accessed faster.
- 35What is secondary storage?Secondary storage is a non-volatile form of memory.
- 36Why do computers need secondary storage?Computers require secondary storage because they need data to be stored whilst the computer is turned off which requires non-volatile storage devices such as secondary storage.
- 37What is offline secondary storage?Offline secondary storage is also non-volatile and the data inside it cannot be accessed by the computer once it is removed.
Informações
- Descrição
- Flashcards to revise Unit 1 material,computer sciences.
- Criado por
- Alexis Togami
- Visualizações
- 58
- Avaliação