Flashcards
Data and Information
Flashcards do conjunto (15)
- 1What is data?Data represents raw facts and figures or a set of values.
A set of data may consist of 2, 4, 3, 5, 6 - 2Types of dataText
Numbers
Still images
Moving images
Sound - 3Bits and bytesA single unit in binary is called a 'bit' which stands for binary digit.
Computer memory is measured in 'byte's.
1 byte is made up of 8 bits.
One byte can store one character. - 4Encoding and coding dataWhen data is collected it may need to be 'encoded'.
It is necessary to 'code' data in order to process it effectively. - 5Encoding dataEncoding is used by computers to convert data into machine-readable form. All computers understand is binary, 1s and 0s, but this is difficult for humans to understand. Therefore, for humans to understand, this data will needed to be coded into binary for a computer to process and share,
- 6Coding dataSome data is coded before storage and this changes the original data into a shortened version by assigning a code. When data is coded it is essentially done to keep it short, which saves storage space, but it speeds up data entry.
- 7Bar codesPlay a leading role in stock control and customer ordering for web-based commerce in warehousing. They are seen in a form of UPC and come in several varieties, but the most common in the UK are EAN 13 and EAN 18. A series of bars and spaces represent the code numbers which are read by a bar-code scanner.
- 8What is processing?Processing is the work the computer does on the data to convert it into information. This might involve calculations, logical operations such as sorts and queries or changing the shape of a sound wave to make a lower or higher pitch.
- 9What is information?Information is data that has been processed into something that is meaningful.
- 10What makes information valuable?Accuracy
up to date
Complete
From a reliable source
Relevant - 11AccuracyInformation on a sales report must be accurate to the exact value otherwise any decisions made will be inaccurate - extremely important as organisations need accurate information to remain in business.
Thorough error checking must take place and regular updates must be applied if the information is to remain accurate. - 12up to dateSome information only has a value within a specific timescale, for instance share prices can change several times in a minute, and so buying recommendations that are produced would change quickly and have no value at all once they were out of data
- 13CompleteIf the information is not complete then it loses its value
If the information produced about a householder for insurance purposes does not include the amount of money the house is being insured for then it is incomplete and loses value as the house will not be insured for the correct amount. - 14From a reliable sourceDue to the lack of control on the content included on the Internet websites this can often reduce the value of the information obtained.
Individuals are encouraged to obtain their information from trusted sources like the BBC website or trusted newspapers. - 15RelevantInformation is only valuable to someone who has use to it, and its value will also depend on that potential use.
Informações
- Descrição
- A level IT (Mr Calvert) FlashCards sobre Data and Information, criado por Katie Durcan em 23-03-2017.
- Criado por
- Katie Durcan
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