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Free Will and Determinism Flashcards
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- 1Free Will & Determinism Key WordsHard Determinism: the teaching that denies that humanity has free will and believes that all actions have a prior cause. It removes moral responsibility for actions.
Libertarianism (incompatibalism): This theory claims that we are morally responsible for all our actions and are free to make choices.
Soft Determinism (compatibilism): the teaching that says we can be both determined and free, as some of our moral choices are free but aspects of our nature are determined. - 2Free Will & Determinism Compatibalism - IntroHume
We have a limited form of free will
Nature is ultimately in control of human destiny (not God).
Influenced by scientific revolution – particularly Sir Isaac Newton
Events determined by causal links between objects. - 3Free Will & Determinism Compatibalism - Liberty of SpontinaityHume argues, when you think about the situation, you spontaneously decide whether to (for example) either stay put or find another way home.
This does not mean that your decision is not calculated or thought through.
A spontaneous decision is one that cannot be predetermined and therefore you have free will to choose whether to stay or try to get home.
Hume calls this choice the liberty of spontaneity. - 4Free Will & Determinism Compatibalism - Rejects...By linking predetermined events and free will Hume rejects the following theories:
Libertarianism (humans are totally free)
Hard Determinism (everything humans do is predetermined)
Moral luck (everything you decide happens by chance). - 5Free Will & Determinism Compatibalism - Inference of the mindPredetermined events which you cannot control , create free choice.
Without predetermined events , Hume claims, you would not have free will.
The link between predetermined events and what you decide Hume calls the inference of the mind.
You infer that, given the circumstances of the situation, you can do either, x, y or z. (as per the previous example). - 6Free Will & Determinism Compatibalism - Constant Union of ObjectsHume calls the causal link: Constant Union of Objects.
However – causal links (which are predetermined) lead on to free will.
So, British passengers prevented from flying in Rome due to the Icelandic volcano are faced with choices. - 7Free Will & Determinism Compatibalism - CriticismsLibertarians attack Hume and Locke’s views of free will
They argue that if human actions are determined by events then free will is a mirage.
If you are stuck in Rome, your choice will be determined by circumstances. If you are running out of money you will have to get back to Britain as quickly as possible.
Hard determinists also disagree on similar grounds. They argue that you cannot separate causal connections and ultimate actions.
Once you are part of the chain you cannot
break free. You have no free choice.
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- Descrição
- A2 Philosophy and Ethics OCR Free Will and Determinism
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- Chris Crozier
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