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MUSCULOSKELETAL

MUSCLES

Size of muscles

deformities

Muscle tonicity

Muscle strength

Sternocleidomastoid

Trapezius

Deltoid

Biceps

Triceps

Wrist and finger muscles

Hip muscles

Hip abduction

Hip adduction

Hamstrings

Quadriceps

Muscles of the ankles and feet

JOINTS and BONES

TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT

STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT

CERVICAL, THORACIC AND LUMBAR SPINE

SHOULDERS, ARMS AND ELBOWS

ELBOWS

WRISTS

HANDS AND FINGERS

HIPS

KNEES

ANKLES AND FEET

INSPECT

location, color, size

shape, symmetry, stability

alignment; palpate for consistency

tenderness, swelling, warmth

masses/nodules, deformities

examine the range of motion

LASEGUE’S TEST

Test for back and leg pain. If the client has low back pain that radiates down the back

(straight leg raising) to check a herniated nucleus pulposus.

Pain is reproduced on the back or leg. (AB)

TRUE LEG LENGTH MEASUREMENT

Measurements are equal or within 1 cm. (NORMAL)

Unequal leg lengths (AB)

Use tape measure.

McMurray’s Test –detect internal tears in knee joint Inflammation of meniscus

TEST

Ballottment Test – Test for swelling or accumulation of fluid.

Tap the patella, if it rebounds against your fingers, fluid is present.

Press here to milk fluid behind patella