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Overview Recap

Second Language Acquisition

ESA Teaching Model

ESL Methods

Inductive/Deductive Method

Process by which people learn a second language.

Learning a second language can benefit a person in several ways. For example, a person discovers the tradition and customs of a different culture. Improves thinking, skills, a valuable skill to list on a resume and anyone can learn it.

More easily if you start learning at an early age, among the most important; improved skills and more job opportunities.

ENGAGE: Focuses on making students speak and think in English. To teach, the teacher must have the attention of the students and involve them emotionally.

ACTIVATE: Refers to the use and practice of the language approach in the study segment of the lesson. The exercises and activities are designed for students to use English in communication, rehearsing what they have learned. Without the activation element, students will have trouble bringing their classroom experience into real-world communication.

STUDY: The focus is on language and how it is constructed. You can include new information or a review of previously learned information during this time.The teacher can use a variety of styles to present information, focusing on grammar, vocabulary, or pronunciation.

Teacher and students look at a brief video of animals. Students say what they like and elicit more animals.

The teacher introduces animals vocabulary for the students, demonstrating correct pronunciation.

Students write a story about the video.

Grammar Translation

Direct Method

Is a method of foreing or second language teaching whitch makesuse of translation and grammar study as the main teaching an learning activities.

Total Physical Response: Is a language teaching method built around the coordination of speech and action: it attempts to teach language through physical (motor) activity. Instructions give commands to students in the target language, and students respond with whole body actions.

Ask students to take 5 vocabulary words from their favorite story and then translate it into English.

The teacher tells what she did on her vacation and then asks all the students to tell what they did on their vacation.

TPR

A method to teach a language in a natural way through conversation, discussion, listening, speaking and reading in the language being learned, without translation.

The teacher tells what she did on her vacation and then asks all the students to tell what they did on their vacation.

Audiolingual

Is a method for foreign language teaching which emphasized the teaching of listening and speaking before reading and writing. Is a combination between behavioral psychology and linguistic.

Presentation

Practice

Production

-There is aural exposure and teacher modeling.

-The teacher introduces a situation and presents the target language in context.

-Students practice the target language through drills or controlled practices.

-The teacher controls the practices by checking students understanding of the items presented in the first stage.

-The students transfer the previously studied structures to different situations.

-The aim to increase fluency in linguistic use, through "autonomous and more creative activities". The strategies for achieving such a goal are based on a freer use of the targeted structures.

Structural and Natural approach

Is to teach four fundamental skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing.

Every phrase, clause, sentence

has a valid and proper structure.

Structure of sub + verb+

object or complement or interrogative sentences.

Phonetical-sounds

Lexical-words

Semantical-meaning

Grammatical-grammar

-You are there

-Are you there

-There you are

The following principles should be born in mind while selecting structures:

Usefulness

Productivity

Simplicity

In contrast to the deductive method, inductive instruction makes use of the student noting. Instead of explaining a given concept and following this explanation with examples, the teacher presents students with many examples that show how the concept is used. The intention is for the students to notice, through the examples, how the concept works.

IInductive

Deductive

In contrast to the deductive method, inductive instruction makes use of the student noting. Instead of explaining a given concept and following this explanation with examples, the teacher presents students with many examples that show how the concept is used. The intention is for the students to notice, through the examples, how the concept works.