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COMMUNICAVITE APPROACHES: ADOMINANT PARADIGM IN ELT

Is still the dominant modern laguage teaching.

*The primary function of language is for interaction and communication, in other words, the priority is the communicative nature of language

Background

* Appeared in the1970´s.

*Influenced by the concept methods (humanistic) and new methods (CLL, suggestopedia, etc.)

The influence of the humanistic methods

1) Learner is recognized as a whole person (cognitive, physical and affective) in the process of learning. Learner as a negotiator.

2) New roll for the teacher, facilitator, to promote learner autonomy

Early CLT

Notional (locatons,frequency, time, secuence) and functional ( request, offers, complaints) syllabus (Willkings, 1972).

Due to Council Modern Language project the CLT spread.

In 2001, European Union Council Resolution recommended use the common European Framework of References for Language (CEF).

The CEF created six leves from A1 to C2 and divide learners in three divisions: A basic speaks, B Independent speaker and C Proficient speaker.

Theories of Language and CLT

Chomsky and Hymes

Linguistic competence, knowledge and mastery the understanding system of rules of the language; created by Noam Chomsky (1965).

Communicative competence, language is use in social context or situation, coined by Hymes (1972).

Halllyday

He found seven functions that performs in language:

Instrumental

Regulatory

Interactional

Personal

Heuristic

Imaginative

Presentational

Canale and Swain

They identify four subgroups of competences:

Functions:

Grammatical

Sociolinguistic

Discourse

Strategic

Widdowson

A communicative classroom is influenced by medium mediation.

Recent CLT approaches

Theoretical basis for the lexical approach

Lexical approach (Willis and Lewis)

The lexical approach in the classroom

Evaluation of the lexical approach

Task-based learning

Four categories of multi-word items (chunks of language.

1. Words and Polywords

2. Collocations

3. Fixed expressions or institutionalized utterances

4. Sentences frames

Task types

Maps

Calculating

Stories and dialogues

Classified in three categories

Information-gap activities

Reasoning-gap activities

Opinion-gap activities

CLT Materials

Three main trends

1. communicativeness

2. Task

3. Meaningfulness

What is?

Communicative language teaching (CLT)

It is relted to:

Some researchers of language learning

The functions

are:

Bibliography:

Arzamendi, J; Ball, P; Gassó, E; Hockly, N. Methodological approach IEXPRO Anthology Mexico. Chiapas, 2010

MEI14S MARÍA VIRGINIA MILLÁN MUÑOZ