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Reported Statements

Direct speech

Reported spech

she said i am tired

he said i have seen snow

she said that she was tired

he said that he had seen snow

the children said we are listening

the children said that they were listening

Present simple

He said "l want to watch a film"

Present Perfect

She said i have bought a new dress.

Present Continuous

He said," jane is sleeping

past simple

Alex said I finished homework.

Must

he said everybody must obey the rules

thense change

direct speech- reported speech

will- would

can-could

must/have to- must or had to

may/might- might

should- should

ought to- ought to

place and time changes

direct speech- reported speech

today-that day

now-then/ at the moment

ysterday-the days before

last week- the week before

next year-the following year

tomorrow-the next day

here- there

this-that

these-those

ago-proviously

tonight that night

the time change

present - past

present perfect - past perfect

will- would

the pronuon change

had to

he said (that) everybody had to obey the rules

past perfect

she said (that)she hat bought a new dress

past perfect

Alex said (that) he had finished his homework

past simple

he said that he wanted to watch a film

past continuous

he said that jane was sleeping