3.3.4 Mass transport: tissue fluid, heart and translocation

3.3.4 Mass transport

Tissue Fluid

Heart & Cardiac cycle

Haemglobin

Plants: Translocation and Transpiration

Formed by: Hydrostatic pressure & Oncotic pressure.

-Hydrostatic pressure is high at arteriole end of capillary causing net movement of fluid

- fluid secretes out of leaky endothelium cells into the surrounding tissue.

-Platlets, proteins are too big to diffuse out.

- returns to venous end.

Blood flow in Arterioles

Capillary bed Fluid secreted out in tissues and cells

Tissue exits through the venule down vein

Diffusion and active uptake in gas exchange of nurtrients

fluid enters through lymphatic system and turns to lymph as it passes lymph nodes

Lymph is returned to the blood system through the subclavian vein

Artery from heart: BP- very high. S-Small lumen, elastin fibres,smooth muscle collagen

Arterioles to heart: BP- high. S- Blood flow is restrcited at lumen contracts. small lumen

.Capillary: BP- low. S- cell is squamous very small lumen leaky endothelium

Veins: BP- lowest. S-opening/closing valves prevent backflow hasthin walls

Venule: BP- lower. S- Elastic tissue. Thin collagen.

Transpiration: XYLEM

Translocation: PHLEOM

1) H+ ions are pumped out of companion cells actively using ATP.

2) H+ ions enter back to companion cells passively sucrose through co-transport proteins

2) H+ ions enter back to companion cells passively sucrose through co-transport proteins