PROGRAMMING

PROGRAMMING

1. History

   • Evolution of Programmable Machines
     • Manual to Automatic
     • Theoretical Physical
       • Software and Hardware
     • Analog to Digital
       • Digital computers work with binary number data
       • Analog computers worked with temperature and changes in voltage
   • Main frame computers
     • Instructions were entered through a keyboard, with no monitor.
   • 1840-Charles Babbage proposes the Analytical Engine
     • Ada Lovelace creates a theory on representation of Bernoulli numbers, marking the beginning of computer programming.

2. Languages

   • Formal languages that specify a set of instructions in order to achieve a certain output
   • reated to do specific tasks, like Mathematic and Science
   • Forms of programming
     • Machine language
       • Allow programmers to code instrucitons directly to the processor.
     • Interpeted language
       • Quiker than
       • Programmer writes the code and then runs it, the interpreter reads the code, then interprets it into native instructions for the computer.
     • Scripting language
       • Used when an operating system needs to execute commandsto configure servers.
       • Saves common commandsas a script that can berun multiple times in multiple computers
     • Compilled language
       • A human sends a code to a computer, and then the compiler takes the program instructions and converts it to binary bytecode or native codefor the hardware. Then an executabel rpogram is created.
     • Functional programming
       • A human takes a value or object, then modify it with the abiility to string multiple transformations together using functions. This anguage is not bounded to algorithms
     • Object-Oriented programming
       • Treats the object as an object, these objects are defined by using a class, the programmer createsa class that has all the capacities defined by the class. The object stores values, perform methods, and accept or return values.
   • The usage of certain factors may change according to the language, some copy the value from one variable to unique values. Others make tha value be pointed out in the memmory by orders of the variable.

3. Values and variables

   • Variables
     • Store information on the computer.
   • Values
     • String: Long sequence of letters- Ex: "me cagas Nicole"
     • Integer: Whoe numbers that count number of objects. There are signed and unsigned integers. Ex:: 3,4,5
   • What do they do?
     • Can acces data, manipulate it and perform actions.
       • They are the way the computers store information.