Chapter5 ''Sentence and Semantic situation''

Chapter5 ''Sentence and Semantic situation''

1. SemanticDimension

   • Situation Type
     • Describe te inherent temporal structure of a situation which arises from its meaning.
   • Tense
     • The grammatical system which locales a situation in time (past/present/future)
   • Aspect
     • Agrammatical system which gives infomation about the temporal structure of a situation of the speaker's view this.

2. Verbs and sitution types

   • Stative verb
     • Inherently stative verbs, like be, have, know and love. those arent used in continuos tenses
   • Dynamic verbs
     • a verb used primarily to indicate an action, process, or sensation as opposed to a state
     • Durative
     • Puntual
   • Speakers use their knowledge of these semantic distinctions (stative-dynamic, durative-punctual, telic-atelic)
     • Semelfactives
       • are instaneous atelic events
     • Archievements
       • are instaneous changes of states, with an outcome of new state

3. Modal verbs

   • epistemic modality
     • The speaker is signaling degrees of knowledge
   • Deontic modality
     • The Verbs mark the speaker's attitude to social factors of obligation, responsability and permission.

4. Modality

   • Is a cover term for devices which allow speakers to express varying degrees of commitment to, or belief in a proposition

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