Thermochemistry

Thermochemistry

1. Periodic Trends

   • Atomic Radius: The distance between a nucleus and it's valance electrons
   • Ionisation: The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gas phase
   • Electronegativity: The tendency of a nucleus to attract bonding electrons.

2. Electron Configration

   • Three types of orbits for electrons: S- Can hold 2. P -Can Hold 6 D- Can hold 10
   • 4 different energy levels: 1, 2,3 and 4
   • Shorthand version: [Ar] 3s^2
   • D-block ions = Use 3d instead of 4s when required
   • When closer to the nucleus less energy is required.

3. Lewis Diagrams

   • Counting Electrons: Bonding Electrons First. Outer electrons Second. Inner electrons last