Social Science unit 4

Social Science unit 4

1. Classify population:

   • Age
     • Child
     • Adult
     • Elderly
   • Location
     • Rural
     • Urban
   • Economy activity
     • Active
     • Inactive

2. We can classify population as urban or rural according to the number of inhabitants

   • Urban:
     • A population of 10000 or more is consered urban
     • Urban are located in large towns or cities
     • People usually work in industry or providea servicde
   • Rural:
     • Are locateed in villages and usually they worki in aagriculture

3. Natural increase:

   • Positive:
     • It means when birth rate is higher than death rate. It increase
   • Negative:
     • It means than the death rate is higher than birth rate. It decreases

4. Actual increase:

   • We add the number of immigrants to the natural increase and then subtract the number of emigrants
   • It can be positive or negative

5. Population density:

   • We calculate populaion density by dividing the number of inhabitants by the size of squere kmn

6. Positive natural increase:

   • Spain has more eldery people than before because:
     • Medical care and hygiene have improved and nutritious food is more widely available

7. Positive actual increase:

   • Many people come to Spain than leave it
     • They are now over five million immigrants living in Spain
       • Most come to Spain looking for work and a better life

8. Life expectancy:

   • In 1900 the average in Spain was 35
     • Now is about 81 years

9. Migrations in Spain

   • There are three types:
     • International emigration:
       • In the 20th century many Spaniards emigrate in America
       • In 1960 and 1970, people started emigrating to European countries
     • Internal migration:
       • In the second half of the 20th century, about four million people from rural areas moved to cities and find work
     • International immigration:
       • At the end of the 20th century started receiving immigrants
       • In 2013, there were 5.6 million immigrants in Spain

10. Population destribution:

    • In Europe's population density is about 105 per squere km
    • The countries with the highest population density are:
      • Italy, Belgium, the Uinted Kingdom ...
    • The countries with the less population density in:
      • Sweeden, Norway ...
    • The biggest cities in Europe are:
      • Moscow, London, Madrid, Paris...

11. Ageing population:

    • In Europe, the birth rate is low but the death rate is also low
    • Europe's population growing, mainly due migratory movements