Memory Evaluation

Memory Evaluation

1. Eye Witness Testimony

   • Anxiety
     • Supporting research
       • Johnson and Scott
       • Yuille and Cutshall
   • Misleading Information
     • Used for the development of the cognitive interview
     • Done in a lab
       • lack mundane realism
     • Individual Differences
       • own age bias
   • Cognitive Interview
     • Enhanced cognitive interview: gained more information in police interviews
     • training and time which is required to carry out the CI

2. Multi Store Model

   • Supporting Research
     • Miller tested the capacity of one’s memory - found that 7 is the average
   • Tulving suggests three types of LTM
     • inconsistencies
   • Overemphasis on rehearsal

3. Working Memory Model

   • support for separate stores: KF poor verbal STM but normal visual STM
   • dual task performance: doing two separate tasks is achievable (VSS & PL) but not both - Baddeley et al
   • Issue with the CE
     • Much more complex than merely attention. ‘the most important but the least understood component.’

4. Long Term Memory

   • Support from case studies
     • Clive Wearing: brain damage, does not remember who he met (episodic) but does play the piano (procedural)
   • Not applicable to everyone else because of brain damage
     • Control and generalisability as do not represent everyone else - damage to brain etc. Not applicable to daily life

5. Forgetting

   • Interference
     • Research Support
       • Baddeley and Hitch: rugby experiment
   • Retrieval Failure
     • Application: used in the CI
     • External validity?
       • Baddeley: how much of an effect does this have in everyday life, as underwater and on land is a very big difference, whereas everyday situations are much more similar