Diet And Nutrition

Diet And Nutrition

1. Vitamins

   • Fat Soluble
     • A, D, E and K
       • Found In Fatty Foods And Animal Produce
       • Stores These In The Liver
   • Water Soluble
     • B and C
       • Found In Wide Range Of Foods Such As Fruit And Veg
       • Aren't Stored In Body So Need To Be Taken Daily
   • Role
     • Provide Amino Acids For Haemoglobin And Myoglobin
     • Form Components Of Enzymes
     • Boost Immune System
     • Help Brain Function
     • Convert Food Fuels Into Energy

2. Proteins

   • Provide Amino Acids
     • Enzyme And Hormone Creation
     • Growth And Repair Of Muscles

3. Carbohydrates

   • Simple
     • Found In Fruit
     • Easily Digested
   • Complex
     • Found In Most Plant Based Foods
     • Take longer To Digest
   • Stored In Muscles And Liver As Glycogen
   • Found In Blood As Glucose
   • Too Much And It Will Be Stored As Adipose Tissue

4. Fats

   • Unsaturated
     • Mono-
     • Poly-
     • High Density Lipoproteins
       • Transport Cholesterol To Liver Where It Is Broken Down - Reduce Cholesterol Levels
   • Saturated
     • Low Density Lipoproteins
       • Transport Cholesterol To Tissues
   • Stored As Triglycerides In Adipose Tissue And Skeletal Muscle
   • Releases Energy In A Process Called Beta Oxidation

5. Minerals

   • Inorganic Compounds From Food And Water Which Are Vital For Cell Functioning
   • Functions
     • Calcium
       • For Bones And Teeth
       • Help Muscle Contractions And Nerve Impulses
     • Phosphorous
       • Essential Part Of ATP AND PC Stores - Needed For Energy
     • Iron
       • Component Of Haemoglobin And Myoglobin
     • Sodium + Potassium
       • Help Maintain Correct Exchange Of Nutrients And waste Products
     • Electrolytes
       • Maintain Homeostasis

6. Water

   • Blood Plasma Is Made Up Of 90% Water
     • Transports Oxygen, Nutrients, Glucose, Fatty Acids, Hormones, CO2 And Lactic Acid
   • Most Body Processes Take Place In A Watery Medium
   • Regulates Body Temp.
   • Losing Water Causes...
     • Body Temp. To Rise
     • Blood Becomes Viscous
       • Heart Rate Increases
     • Electrolytes Lost
       • Muscle Fatigue
       • Cramp
       • Headache
     • Impulses Decrease

7. Fibres

   • Helps Digestive System Function Properly
     • By Helping It Absorb Water And Nutrients Into Blood Stream
   • Insoluble Fibres Absorb Water In Intestine
     • Helps Excretion Of Waste
   • Soluble Fibres Contribute To Lowering Blood Cholesterol And Maintaining Blood Glucose Levels