Variables & Validation

Variables & Validation

1. Variable

   • A data store that is given a name
   • It stores data that can be changed throughout the execution of a program
   • The name of the variable links it to the memory location where the data is stored

2. Constant

   • A named storage location that contains a value that does not change during the execution of a program

3. Assignment

   • Setting or resetting a value to a data location (such as a variable)

4. Casting

   • Changing the data type of a piece of data

5. Data Types

   • Boolean
     • Either true or false
   • Character
     • A single letter, number or symbol
     • E.g. '7', 'P' or '#'
   • String
     • Can include any character
     • E.g. 'One + 2'
   • Integer
     • Whole numbers
     • E.g. '5'
   • Real
     • Numbers that can have decimal parts
     • E.g. '1.4'

6. Sequence

   • The order in which the instructions in an algorithm occur
   • If the sequence is not followed, the program may not work properly

7. Selection

   • The method of creating different paths in a program
   • Different paths are needed for different answers to a question/whether or not a condition has been met

8. Iteration

   • Condition
     • 'while-endwhile' loops
     • Allows us to repeat instructions until a condition is true or false
   • Count controlled
     • 'for-to-next' loops
     • Repeat instructions a set number of times
   • Used to repeat instructions in a program

9. Arrays

   • A data store
   • Designed to store a set of data that is all of the same data type

10. Operators

    • Arithmetic
      • E.g. Addition ( + ) Subtraction ( - ) Multiplication ( * ) Division ( / )
      • Mathematical operators
    • Relational
      • E.g. <, <=, ==, >=, >, and /=
    • Logical
      • E.g. &, AND, OR, and NOT

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