Modality, scope and quantification

Modality, scope and quantification

1. Modality. is the term for a cluster of meanings centered on the notions of necessity and possibility.

   • is ofthen used for communicating about matter that, unlike, arithmetic have not been systematised.

2. Realtive scope: operations such as negtion and the marking of modality.

3. Quantifiers: are words such as all, some and most.

4. Modal: auxiliary verbs like will, would, can may, might, shall, should, must and ought to.

5. Epistemic: interpretations have to do with kowledge and understanding.

6. Denotic: interpretations of modality relate to constraints grounded in society.

7. The notions of neccesity and possibility are interlinked.

8. Paraphrase: sameness of sentences meaning.

9. Presuppotitions: propositions that form the context in the light of which an utterance is uttered, and which the sender regard as available to be used by the addressee(s) to interpret.

10. Dynamic modality originate inside the person (or animal or machine) reffered to by the subject noun phrase of the sentence.

11. Scope. which is to say the material that it applies to.

12. Operators: items that have scope.

13. Quantifiers and the kind of meaning they convey is called quantification.

14. Cardinality: enclosing the label of a set within a pair of vertical lines is a way of representing the number of elements in the set.

15. Cardinal quantifiers: the kind of exemplified.

16. Proportional quanitifiers: (litalicised) few* corgis are vegetarian.

17. Proportional quantifiers: dependes on how the totality of corgis is split between an intersection and a remainder.

18. Distributive quantifier: are not identical in meaning e.g all and every.