1.1 System Architecture Lesson 2

1.1 System Architecture Lesson 2

1. Internal Components

   • The Processor
   • Main Memory (RAM, ROM)
   • 1/0 Controllers
   • Buses

2. External Components

   • Keyboard, Mouse
   • Secondary Password
   • 1/0 Devices
   • I/O Ports
     • Communicates with motherboard
   • Hardware that can interact with the processor
   • External components are also known as peripherals

3. Main Memory

   • RAM-Random Access Memory
     • Holds used data and instructions used by processor
     • Accessible by the processor
     • Everything on i gets lost once power is off
   • ROM- Read Only Memory
     • Instructions are kept on ROM permanently
     • Gives Computer instructions to turn on
     • Bootstrap Loader
   • EEPROM- Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
     • Sim Cards Or Flash Memory
     • instructions or data can electronically be erased

4. Buses

   • System Buses
     • A set of parallel wires connecting 2 or more components of a computer to connect them
   • Address Bus
     • carries addresses from processor to main memory
     • It only travels in one direction
     • Generated by processor
     • data returns to Data Bus
   • Data Bus
     • Data travels from Main Memory to CPU back to Main Memory
     • Travels in 2 direction
     • Data is read/write
   • Control Bus
     • Instructs whether data goes to or away from memory
     • Control signals are sent on the bus.