DIRECT SPEECH-REPORTED SPEECH

DIRECT SPEECH-REPORTED SPEECH

1. Tenses

   • Present Simple- Past Simple
     • “I am happy to see you,” Mary said ---- Mary said that she was happy to see me.
   • Present Continuous-Past Continuous
     • He said, “I’m making dinner.” ---- He told me that he was making dinner.
   • Past Simple- Past Perfect
     • “Did you buy a new car?” she asked. ---- She asked me if I had bought a new car.
   • Present Perfect-Past Perfect
   • Past Continuous-Past Continuous
   • Will/Shall-Would
   • Can-Could
   • May-Could/Might
   • Must-Had to
   • Could.Could
   • Might-Might
   • Ought to-Ought to
   • Should-Should
   • Would-Would
   • Needn´t-Didn´t need to
   • Had better-Had better
   • Used to - Used to
   • Is / Am - Was
   • Are - Were
   • Have / Has - Had

2. Adverbs and demostratives

   • This-That
   • These-Those
   • Now-Then
   • Today-That day
   • Yesterday-The day before
   • Tomorrow-The next day
   • Last night-The night before
   • Here-There

3. Pronouns

   • Pronouns
     • If the report is on what a man/boy said (John/He said that..) the changes are as follows:
       • Me / Him
       • My / His
       • Mine / His
       • Myself / Himself
       • I / He
   • In the singular
     • I / You
     • Me / you
     • My / Your
     • Mine / Yours
     • Myself / Yourself
   • In the plural
     • we-you / us-you / our-your / ours-yours / ourselves-yourselves
     • If the report is on what the students/the teachers said (THE STUDENTS SAID/THEY SAID THAT...), the changes are as follows:
       • we-they / us-them / our-their / ours-theirs / ourselves-themselves
     • When somebody talks to a man/boy and the report is on him (THE TEACHER SAID TO/TOLD JOHN/HIM THAT...), the changes are as follows:
       • you-he / you-him / your-his / yours-his / yourself-himself
     • When somebodys talks to a woman/girl and the report is on her (THE TEACHER SAID TO/TOLD MARY/HER THAT...), the changes are as follows:
       • you-she / you-her / your-her / yours-hers / yourself-herself
     • When somebody talks to me and the report is on me (THE TEACHER SAID TO/TOLD ME THAT...), the changes are as follows:
       • you-I / you-me / your-my / yours-mine / yourself-myself
     • When somebody talks to us and the report is on us (THE TEACHER SAID TO/TOLD US THAT...), the changes are as follows:
       • you-we / you-us / your-our / yours-ours / yourselves-ourselves
     • When somebody talks to a men/students and the report is on them (THE TEACHER SAID TO/TOLD THE STUDENTS/THEM THAT...), the changes are as follows:
       • you-they / you-them / your-their / yours-theirs / yourselves-themselves
   • If the report is on what a woman/girl said (Mary/She said that ... ), the changes are as follows:
     • Me / Her
     • My / Her
     • Mine / Hers
     • Myself / Herself
     • I / She

4. Verbs

   • Statements
     • Invete
     • Order
     • Note
     • Advise
     • Apologize
     • Demand
     • Encourage
     • Explain
     • Indicative
     • Point out
     • Remark
     • Reply
     • Respond
     • Say
     • Recommend
     • Propose
     • Shout
     • State
     • Stress
     • Suggest
     • Thank
     • Inform
     • Tell
   • Questions
     • Ask
     • Wonder
     • Want to Know
     • Inquire (of sb)
   • Imperatives
     • Order
     • Tell
     • Warn
     • Ask