ICT REVISION

ICT REVISION

1. COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER

   • INTERNAL COMPONENTS
     • REQUIRES COOLING VIA WATER COOLER OR HEAT SINK!
       • CPU COMPONENTS:
         • ALU
           • ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT:
             • DOES THE LOGIC AND ARITHMETIC IE,CALCULATIONS AND DECISION!
     • GPU:
       • GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT:THE GRAPHICS CARD IS RESPONSIBLE FOR DELIVERING THE IMAGE YOU SEE ON YOUR COMPUTER!
         • A GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT ALSO OCCATIONALLY CALLED VISUAL PROCESSING UNIT IS SPECIALIZED ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT DESIGNED TO MANIPULATE AND ALTER MEMORY TO  ACCELERATE THE CREATIONS OF THE IMAGE IN A FRAME BUFFER INTENDED FOR OUTPUT TO A DISPLAY.
     • RAM:
       • RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY: THIS WILL BE WIPED OFF YOUR COMPUTER WHEN THE SYSTEM HAS BEEN SWITCHED OFF.USED WHEN YOU OPEN PROGRAMS OR DOCUMENTS SO THAT THE CPU CAN PROCCESS THE DATA FASTER.
     • PSU:
       • POWER SUPPLY UNIT:DISTRIBUTES POWER ACCESS SYSTEM AND IS PLUGGED INTO THE MOTHERBOARD AND EXPANSION CARDS.REQUIRES COOLING.
     • ROM:
       • READ ONLY MEMORY:STORES THE BOOT SEQUENCE, STORES THE INTERNAL CLOCK,STORES THE BIOS.
     • BUS:
       • A circuit between the motherboard and a component.The bigger the BUS the more data that can be processed.

2. NETWORKS

   • WAN:
     • WIDE AREA NETWORK
   • PAN:
     • PERSONAL AREA NETWORK
   • LAN:
     • LOCAL AREA NETWORK

3. ANALOGUE AND DIGITAL DATA

   • BINARY:
     • YOU MUST READ IT FROM LEFT TO RIGHT
       • YOU MUST DOUBLE EACH BIT TO THE OTHERS WHICH HAVE A ONE UNDER IT.

4. APPLICATIONS OF TECH SYSTEMS

   • AUTOMATED SYSTEMS:
     • SENSORS
     • ROBOTS

5. HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM

   • YOU NEED TO MAKE SURE YOU HAVE ENOUGH RAM SPACE IN YOUR COMPUTER OTHERWISE INSTALLATION WILL FAIL.

6. Utility Programs: Virus scanner,disk defragmenters and backup utilities.

7. Generic: Word processors and spreadsheets.

8. Integrated: A set of commands.

9. Specific:Accountancy software.

10. WORLD WIDE WEB: Part of the internet which allows u to access the internet by explore or firefox.

11. Processor: Is a square and its what makes things generate.

    • Terminator: This is the end and start of a flowchart. is similar to a circle.
      • Decision box: This is a diamond and this is to run or text codes.
        • Data(I/O): Input and output this is when the information is then showed.This looks like a square with parallel lines.
          • Connector is an arrow: This is what helps set up the flowchart and helps with the decision options.

12. BOOL:TRUE OR FALSE

    • CHAR:16 BIT UNICODE CHARACTOR.
      • STRING:THIS REPRESENTS A SEQUENCE OF ZERO OR MORE 16 BIT.
        • FLOAT: 32 BIT SINGLE PRECISION FLOATING POINT.
          • INT:32 BIT SIGNED INTEGER TYPE.

13. VARIABLE:THIS IS WHAT KEEPS DATA AS A PROGRAM IS RUNNING.

    • DECLERATION: THIS GIVE U THE NAME OF THE VARIABLE AND THE DATA IT CONTAINS.
      • SCOPE: THIS IS SO YOU KNOW WHERE IN THE PROGRAM THE VARIABLE CAN BE USED OR SEEN.
        • ASSIGNMENT:GIVES A VALUE TO A VARIABLE.
          • INPUT AND OUTPUT: A PROGRAM NEEDS THE USE OF INPUT TO GET INFORMATION OR THE CONTROL FROM THE USER.
            • SUBROUTINES/FUNCTIONS: THIS IS A WAY OF MAKING CODES MORE SIMPLE AND LESS IN A SECTION.
              • EVENT HANDLER: THE CODES THAT RUN FOR EXAMPLE WHEN U CLICK THE MOUSE AND THE EVENT HANDLER WILL RUN IT.
                • ANNOTATIONS/COMMENTS: THIS IS MAINLY FOR SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS AS IT HELPS THEM TO MAINTAIN THE PROGRAM AND EACH PART OF THE ANNOTATIONS MADE INTO CODES EXPLAINS WHAT EACH PART OF THE PROGRAM DOES.
                  • DATA TYPES USING DATA TYPES ALLOWS THE CORRECT DATA FOR CALCULATIONS FOR OUTPUT TO MANY DEVICES.
                    • DATA STRUCTURES:ORGANISING PIECES OF INFORMATION.

14. POINTERS: THIS IS WHAT APPEARS ON THE SCREEN AND TAKES COMMANDS SUCH AS YOU CLICK ON THE START BUTTON.

15. ICONS: THIS IS WHAT REPRESENTS FILES OR WINDOWS.

16. DESKTOP: THIS IS THE DISPLAY SCREEN WHERE EVERYTHING YOU SEE SUCH AS FILES OR DOWNLOADS WILL APPEAR ON.