systems architecture

systems architecture

1. embedded systems

   • An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today.
   • Calculator- function is to take input from the keypad, perform the required operation and show the results on LCD. Embedded Scientific Calculator has a high performance processor, does calculations
   • Toaster- toasts/heats for time that is set
   • Microwave- heat for time that is set
   • Digital watch- set alarm, stopwatch, time, date
   • PS4 controller- vibrations, sends input from the buttons pressed to PS4

2. CPU & fetch decode execute

   • fetch an instruction
   • decode the instruction
   • execute the instruction

3. computer components

   • CPU: The central processing unit (CPU) of a computer is a piece of hardware that processes the instructions of a computer program. It performs the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of a computer system.
   • Motherboard: A motherboard is one of the most essential parts of a computer system. It holds together many of the crucial components of a computer,
   • GPU/Graphics card: generates output images to display. Video cards are also referred to as graphics cards. Video cards include a processing unit, memory, a cooling mechanism and connections to a display device, speed measured in FLOPS
   • Memory: where data is stored for quick access
   • Secondary storage/hard drive: Auxiliary memory, also known as auxiliary storage, secondary storage, secondary memory or external memory, is a non-volatile memory (does not lose stored data when the device is powered down)
   • Network card: The NIC contains the electronic circuitry required to communicate using a wired connection (e.g., Ethernet) or a wireless connection (e.g., WiFi). Computer effectiveness Is measured in hertz(Hz) or gigahertz(GHz)

4. Von Neumann Architecture

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