2.2 Programming

2.2 Programming

1. We use captial letters for constants

   • Constants are values that dont change between programming runs

2. Operators represent the operations that are performed on the data

   • MOD- finding out divisibility,Modulus gives the remainder left by dividing one number
   • Key words: Arithmetic, Boolean, String, concatenate, Sub-string, delimiter, SPLIT,

3. Sequencing allows a programmer to solve complex problems

   • Benefits are: each line follows the next, creates simple programs very quickly, easy to follow
     • Key words: Sequence/algorithm, instructions, Efficiency,structured
   • Disadvantages: Not at all efficient, difficult to follow with large programs, extremely hard to maintain

4. Key words: Boolean, Nested, selection, condition, criteria

   • There is no limit on how many selection statements we can nest
     • We need two selection statements, one inside the other
       • Select case can also use Boolean operators
         • We use selection for efficieny
   • Sometimes, we can only evaluate a condition if some Pre-conditions are met

5. Key words: While, for, counter, condition, Boolean, iteration, Break, Nested iteration, Exit condition, stepping, increment/decrement, larger,

   • Break keyword can terminate a loop
     • Stepping can be used to skip for example every 2nd number in a sequence
       • Conditional or controlled loops evaluate a Boolean condition every time they run
         • Conditional loops are used for validation

6. Key words: EOF (End Of File), EOL (End Of Line), File mode, Commit, Overwrite, Tabulation, Serialise, Deserialise, Delimiter, Schema

   • Text files are used to store a variety of data: Books and business documents, Logs of events, Lists of names, Tables of data with various numbers of columns and rows
     • EOF is a condition for the while loop to stop reading the file's lines
       • A description of all possible element names and types is known a schema