Lecture 6: LTM Structures

Lecture 6: LTM Structures

1. LTM vs STM

   • STM
     • ~30s
     • Better short-term memory span for words (rather than non-words)
   • LTM
     • 30s+ (theoretically limitless)
     • Major code is semantic (meaning)

2. Types of LTM

   • Declarative
     • -Memory can be consciously accessed (explicit) and reported 
     • Episodic Memory
       • Memory of a specific event ("I remember")
       • -Acquired in a single exposure  -Spatial and temporal information
     • Semantic memory
       • Knowledge of semantic facts ("I know")
       • -Strengthened through repetition -No contextual information
   • Non-declarative
     • -Accessed without awareness (implicit) -Cannot be reported 

3. Priming

   • Presentation of one stimulus changes the response to a subsequent stimulus
   • Automatic and implicit 

4. Procedural Memory

   • Cognitive skills
     • Patterns of thought that help in problem-solving or the application of strategies
   • Perceptual-motor skills
     • Learned patterns of movement

5. Memory as a process

   • Encoding
     • Generation effect
     • Self-reference effect
     • Testing effect
     • Rehearsal
       • Elaborative
       • Maintenance
     • Organizing information
   • Storage
   • Retrieval