Cognitive Process

Cognitive Process

1. The Sensorimotor Stage. Ages: Birth to 2 Years.

   • • The infant knows the world through their movements and sensations.
   • • Children learn about the world through basic actions such as sucking, grasping, looking, and listening.
   • • Infants learn that things continue to exist even though they cannot be seen (object permanence)

2. The Preoperational Stage Ages: 2 to 7 Years

   • • Children begin to think symbolically and learn to use words and pictures to represent objects.
   • • Children at this stage tend to be egocentric and struggle to see things from the perspective of others.
   • • While they are getting better with language and thinking, they still tend to think about things in very concrete terms.

3. The Concrete Operational Stage Ages: 7 to 11 Years

   • • During this stage, children begin to thinking logically about concrete events.
   • • Their thinking becomes more logical and organized, but still very concrete.
   • • Children begin using inductive logic, or reasoning from specific information to a general principle.

4. The Formal Operational Stage Ages: 12 and Up

   • • At this stage, the adolescent or young adult begins to think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems.
   • • Teens begin to think more about moral, philosophical, ethical, social, and political issues that require theoretical and abstract reasoning.
   • • Begin to use deductive logic, or reasoning from a general principle to specific information.

5. How do you think the cognitive process can help college students?

   • The student now is a central part in the teaching-learning process, trough the time the education has been changing with the objective to get better results in the development of these. The last thing with the aim that the student really learn and apply the learning in his/her personal and professional life, not just to present an exam or pass a course, but more than that using the reflexion, learning to be critical, to research and to propose.