Operating Systems

Operating Systems

1. Windows

   • Microsoft Windows (or simply Windows) is a metafamily of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft. It consists of several families of operating systems, each of which cater to a certain sector of the computing industry. Active Windows families include Windows NT, Windows Embedded and Windows Phone; these may encompass subfamilies, e.g. Windows Embedded Compact (Windows CE) or Windows Server. Defunct Windows families include Windows 9x and Windows Mobile.

2. Android

   • Android is a mobile operating system (OS) based on the Linux kernel and currently developed by Google. With a user interface based on direct manipulation, Android is designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers, with specialized user interfaces for televisions, cars Android Auto, and wrist watches (Android Wear). The OS uses touch inputs that loosely correspond to real-world actions, like swiping, tapping, pinching, and reverse pinching to manipulate on-screen objects, and a virtual keyboard. Despite being primarily designed for touchscreen input,  also has been used in game consoles, digital cameras, regular PCs  and other electronics.
   • Andrew E. "Andy" Rubin is the co-founder and former CEO of both Danger Inc. and Android Inc. He was Senior Vice President of Mobile and Digital Content at Google until March 2013,[1] where he oversaw development of Android, an open-source operating system for smartphones.[2][3][4] Rubin has seventeen patents for his inventions.
     • Rubin, born in 1962, grew up in Chappaqua, New York, the son of a psychologist who later founded his own direct-marketing firm. His father's firm created photographs of the latest electronic gadgets to be sent with credit card bills.[10] Rubin ran a computer bulletin board system in his youth.[11]

3. Apple

   • Steve Jobs was born in San Francisco, California, on February 24, 1955, to two University of Wisconsin graduate students who gave him up for adoption. Smart but directionless, Jobs experimented with different pursuits before starting Apple Computers with Steve Wozniak in 1976. Apple's revolutionary products, which include the iPod, iPhone and iPad
   • Steven Paul Jobs (/ˈdʒɒbz/; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011)[3][4] was an American entrepreneur,[5] marketer,[6] and inventor,[7] who was the cofounder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc.

4. Linux

   • Linux was originally developed as a free operating system for Intel x86–based personal computers, but has since been ported to more computer hardware platforms than any other operating system.[citation needed] It is the leading operating system on servers and other big iron systems such as mainframe computers and supercomputers,[14][15][16] but is used on only around 1% of desktop computers.[17] Linux also runs on embedded systems, which are devices whose operating system is typically built into the firmware and is highly tailored to the system; this includes mobile phones,[18] tablet computers, network routers, facility automation controls, televisions[19][20] and video game consoles. Android, the most widely used operating system for tablets and smartphones, is built on top of the Linux kernel.[21]
   • Linus Benedict Torvalds (/ˈlaɪnəsˈtɔrvɔːldz/;[6] Swedish: [ˈliːn.ɵs ˈtuːr.valds] ( listen); born December 28, 1969) is a Finnish American[3][7] software engineer, who was the principal force behind the development of the Linux kernel that became the most popular kernel for operating systems.

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