CONDITIONALS

CONDITIONALS

1. FIRST

   • If+Sj+verb present simple,+sj+will+verb in infinitive
   • Talk about possibilities in the present or in the future. High possibility
     • Possible or likely things in the future
   • EXAMPLES
     • if I study I will pass the exam
     • You will be allowed to go out If you tidy up your bedroom
   • We can substitute IF for:
     • Provided
     • Provided that
     • Providing
     • Providing that
     • On condition that
     • As long as
     • Only if
     • IN CASE (followed by a clause)
       • I’ll call you later in case that you need a lift
     • IN CASE OF (followed by a noun phrase)
       • In case of emergency dial 112
     • UNLESS means IF NOT (a no ser que in Spanish)
       • we must chand the verb tense (asffirmative-negative or vicversa) when using unless
         • You will go out as long as you tidy up your bedroom
         • You will not go out unless you tidy p your bedroom

2. SECOND

   • IF + SJ + VERB IN PAST SIMPLE, SJ + WOULD + INFINITIVE
   • To talk about unreal situations in the present or in the future. Low probability. To give advice
     • Imposible things in the present or inlikely things in the future
   • EXAMPLES
     • If I won the lottery, I would sail round the world.
     • If you had a million euros, you would be abl to travel around the world and not work
   • We can substitute IF for
     • Imagine
     • suppose
     • supposing

3. THIRD

   • IF + SJ + PAST PERFECT, SJ + WOULD + PRESENT PERFECT
   • Talk about unreal events in the past. Often used to express criticism or regret. Impossible situation.
     • Things that didn't happen in the past and their imaginary results.
   • EXAMPLES
     • I wouldn't have left my job if I had known how difficult it is to find another one.
     • She would have gone to your birthday party if she hadn't been sick.

4. ZERO

   • It is used for scientific fact or statements that are always true
     • General truths or general habits
   • If+ Present simple
   • EXAMPLES
     • If you add 2 and 2, you get 4.
     • If you heat ice, it melts.
     • The grass gets wet if it rains.

5. MIXED CONDITIONALS

   • CONDITION (second cond.) RESULT (THIRD COND.)
     • CONDITION (2)
       • Present condition ( Spanish subjunctive) still happening
         • If the virus did not spread so fast
     • RESULT (3)
       • With an effect in the past ( it has already happened)
         • There would not have been a lockdown
   • CONDITION (third cond.) RESULT (seconf cond.)
     • CONDITION (3)
       • It has already happened
         • If the virus had not spread so fast
     • RESULT (2)
       • It is still happening
         • We would not be locked down now

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