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Critical Thinking

1. ELEMENTS OF THOUGHT

   • What are they used for?
     • They are use to identify the thinking process and to maintain an unbiased way of thought.
   • What are they?
     • Characteristics that share every reasoning process. Helping you to understand the pathway of your thought.
   • Which are they?
     • Purpouse: Clear and realistic, keep on track.
     • Question: Look for meaning and then break it down, then separate in opinion and definitive.
     • Information: Gather info from different views, clear and relevant to the matter.
     • Inferences / Conclusions: What evidence implies and check consistency
     • Concepts: Chose them and consider alternatives
     • Assumptions: Justifiable ones and how they change perspective.
     • Consequences: Consider positive and negative ones and follow you reasoning.
     • Point of View: set yours and compare it, looking for fairness.

2. UNIVERSAL INTELLECTUAL STANDARDS

   • What are they?
     • A guide that helps you to check the quality of a statement or idea.
   • What are they used for?
     • Guides you to interrogate every thought, to find a critical oversight to issues. Leading you to reasoning away from egocentrism bias.
   • Which are they?
     • Clarity: the base standard. You need info to understand and be concise.
     • Accuracy: how true is something, can you verify it?
     • Precision: key ideas without telling all the info, more specific, more details.
     • Relevance: how connected the info is to the statement.
     • Depth: if it dress all the complexity of a statement.
     • Breadth: if it conceder all the different perspectives
     • Logic: follow a way of thinking, makes sense, support and make sense overall.

3. Source: Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2007). The Miniature Guide to Critical Thinking Concepts and Tools. University of California, Berkeley: The Fundation for Critical Thinking.

   • Raul Duran De Alba A01229452