U34-ARGUMENTATIVE TEXTS

U34-ARGUMENTATIVE TEXTS

1. 1. INTRO

   • U29
     • TEXT
   • U31
     • TYPES

2. 2. DEF

   • (Van Eemeren) verbal & social activity aimed at increasing/decreasing the acceptability of a controversial standpoint

3. 3. CHARACTERISTICS

   • STAGES
     • CONFRONTATION
       • Problem's presentation
     • OPENING
       • Rules
     • ARGUMENTATION
       • Logical principles
     • CONCLUDING
       • Closing conditions
   • AS SPEECH ACT
     • U5
     • OBJ= ILLOCUTIONARY FORCE
       • PERFORMATIVE VERBS + MARKERS
         • LINGUISTIC ASPECTS
     • MACRO-SPEECH ACT

4. 4. STRUCTURE (Toulmin, 1959)

   • DATA
     • Facts
   • CLAIM*
     • Opinion
     • DEFINITION/FACT/CAUSE/VALUE/POLICY
   • WARRANT
     • Justification
   • BACKING
     • Source of info
   • QUALIFIERS
   • REBUTTAL
     • Doubts
   • Simple / complex + multiple (coordinated) / bunch (tree form)

5. 5. THEORIES

   • (Aristotle) rethoric: the ability to see available means of persuasion
     • MAIN FORMS
       • Ethos
       • Logos
       • Pathos
     • (Van Eemeren + Grootendorst)
       • Externalisation
       • Socialisation
       • Functionalisation
       • Dialectification

6. 7. TYPES OF TEXT

   • (Medium)
     • ORAL
       • Debates/discussions/ lectures/lessons
     • WRITTEN
       • Clustering / alternating
   • (Content)
     • Objective/ subjective
   • (Conclusion) Schellens
     • Unrestricted forms
     • Restricted forms
       • Regularity-based
       • Rule-based
       • Pragmatic