Linux Fundation

Linux Fundation

1. Structure and Instalation

   • Boot Process
     • POwer On
     • Bios
       • Initialize the Hardware
         • Screen
         • Keyboard
         • Memoty Test
     • Boot Loader
       • this file is storage on Master Boot Record (MBR) or new EFI/UEFI( (Unified) Extensible Firmware Interface ), the first sector of the HD
       • Kinds
         • GRUB
           • GRand Unified Boot Loader
         • Isolinux
           • booting from removable media device
       • Stages
         • First
           • BIOS/MBR
             • Master Boot Loader size is just 512bytes
             • Examine the partition Table
               • the MBR search por the partitions and with the bootable partition and once found  it it searche for the second stage boot loader the GRUB and loads it into RAM
           • EFI/UEFI
             • Read it Boot Manager
               • The UEFI firmware read it boot manager data to determine which UEFi application is to be launched and from where. and once that it load the GRUB loader
         • Second
           • resides on /boot
             • this stage  resides under /boot
           • Show the OS list to be booted
           • Loads the kernel of the OS Selected
       • Kernel
         • Boot loader Init the Kernel and RAM-based filesustem and pass it to the Memory, when the kernel is loade the memory configure the processors, i/o subsustems, storage devices....
         • Memory
           • The Initial RAM Disk
             • inittramfs filesystem
               • initialize and mount filesystem and devices driver for some controllers called udev( for user device) to locate the driver for connected devices
             • /sbin/init
               • afte the mount program instructr the os the filesustem is ready for use and the OS init the /sbin/init path to initialize the devices
               • getty
                 • at the end the init start a number of text-mode login prompts, by the programm call getty
                 • bash
                   • the command shell bash --> the GNU Bourne Again Shell
                 • X WIndow System
       • RAM Base filesustem
   • Linux Distribution and Instalation
     • Distributions
       • Server
         • Like senOs/RHEL, open SUS, Ubuntu Server
       • Desktop
         • Ubuntu Desktop and Fedora...
       • Mobile
         • like Android and Tizen
     • Partitions
       • / (sd1)
       • /var (sd3)
       • /home (sd2)
       • swap (sd4)

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