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Chapter 2 - Software
& Hardware
- Software vs. Hardware
- Software
- code written to run programs
on a computer system.
- It can be used to control and
use the hardware
- binary code
- code written to run programs
on a computer system.
- Hardware
- the physical aspects of a
computer system that can be
touched.
- the physical aspects of a
computer system that can be
touched.
- Software
- Lack of standardisation
- Standardisation is the
imposition of a set of
standards on
manufacturers
- Problems
- cost to consumers
- compatibilty
- cost to consumers
- Standardisation is the
imposition of a set of
standards on
manufacturers
- Input devices
- Keyboard
- 100-115 keys
- inc. numeric keypad
- Concept keyboard
- useful for young children
- used on touch-screen devices
- useful for young children
- 100-115 keys
- Pointing devices
- allows objects to be selected and
manipulated on the screen
- mouse
- Tracker ball
- an 'upside down' mouse. useful for
people who have unsteady hands
- an 'upside down' mouse. useful for
people who have unsteady hands
- allows objects to be selected and
manipulated on the screen
- Game devices
- Joystick
- consists of a stick and buttons
- consists of a stick and buttons
- Game pads
- created for specific games
consoles eg: Wii
- various controls w/ different
functions depending on the
game played
- various controls w/ different
functions depending on the
game played
- created for specific games
consoles eg: Wii
- Joystick
- Magnetic strip/smart chip
- Scanner
- Microphone
- Sensor
- Keyboard
- Output devices
- Screens
- used with a desktop computer to
display what is currently in use
- used with a desktop computer to
display what is currently in use
- Speakers
- Sound needed to listen to instructions, hear
warning tones, listen to music, watch videos and
have conversations
- Sound needed to listen to instructions, hear
warning tones, listen to music, watch videos and
have conversations
- Lights
- Printers
- Laser printers
- highest quality, fastest speeds, low
running costs <2 p per page.
- Popular in offices
- highest quality, fastest speeds, low
running costs <2 p per page.
- Inkjet
- Inkjet printers squirt ink onto the paper
- cheap to purchase, high running costs
due to ink
- Popular in homes and 2nd printer in office
- Inkjet printers squirt ink onto the paper
- Dot Matrix
- very common in the 1980s - now used
very rarely.
- printing on duplicate or triplicate
paper
- very common in the 1980s - now used
very rarely.
- Plotters
- used for drawing large images such as
architectural drawings (eg building plans
- able to accept large sheets & use pens
to draw directly onto the paper making
them suitable for vector images.
- used for drawing large images such as
architectural drawings (eg building plans
- Choosing
a printer
- use
- printing speed
- initial cost
- running cost
- quality
- colour
- use
- Laser printers
- Screens
- Storage devices
- non-volatile memory - when
the computer is turned off,
the data is kept
- Hard Disk
- Opticial memory
- Tape
- Flash memory
- Choosing a storage device
- non-volatile memory - when
the computer is turned off,
the data is kept
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