Operating System

Operating System

1. Definition

   • it is the intermediary between the software and the hardware
   • interface-centric, which helps the interpretation of hardware to software or vice versa

2. Structure

   • Modular structure
     • runs as a collection of processes
   • MicroKernel structure
     • the kernel controls the central functions
   • Multi-core structure
     • processes running simultaneously on a single system
   • Hierarchical structure
     • Hierarchical organization of the system by layers

3. Types

   • Serial processing
     • FIFO processing technique is used
   • Batch processing
     • runs programs without direct user control or supervision
   • Multi-programming
     • allows running multiple programs at the same time
   • Real Time System
     • responds according to a certain behavior and in a certain time
   • Distributed Operating System
     • is a group of servers that share memory and tasks
   • Multiprocessing
     • works with one or more CPUs in a single operating system
   • Parallel operating systems
     • have the ability to perform multiple operations simultaneously

4. Functions

   • Resource manager
     • Process management
       • create processes
       • kill processes
       • synchronization and communication of processes
     • Memory management
       • allocate memory space
       • deallocate memory space
     • File management
       • stores files
       • stores files
       • assigns names to files
     • Device management
       • Device Management
       • assign devices
       • deallocate devices
     • Security
       • protects data and information on a computer
     • Command interpretation
       • process the commands

5. Characteristics

   • a run program can run other programs
   • has control of input/output devices
   • provides programming to the processes and allocates a memory space for its execution

6. Advantages

   • Easy to use with a GUI
   • can hide hardware details by abstraction
   • offers a comfortable and easy-to-use environment
   • intermediary between applications and hardware

7. Disadvantages

   • all the information that have been stored in the system can be lost
   • quite expensive for small organizations
   • It is not completely safe

8. Examples

   • Mobile phone
     • Android
     • iOS
     • Windows Phone OS
   • PC
     • Windows
     • Linux
     • Mac OS
     • Chrome OS

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