STRUCTURES

STRUCTURES

1. FORCES

   • Fixed or permanent
     • the structure will always have to load it
   • Variables or intermitent
     • appears or disappears according to the external conditions of the structure
   • Static forces
     • the variation in which the force acts does not change or changes very little in short periods of time
   • Dynamic forces
     • The forces acting on the structure change abruptly

2. STRUCTURES

   • Classificaton
     • Natural
       • They have been made by nature
     • Artificial
       • They have been made by man
   • Stability
     • An object is much more stable the closer the center of gravity is to the ground and the larger the base, the more stable the object will be.
   • Strength
     • A structure is resistant when it is capable of enduring, or supporting, the efforts to which it is subject.
     • types
       • Tension or traction
       • Compression
       • Bending or flexibility
       • Torsion
       • Shear

3. RIGIDITY

   • To achieve the rigidity of a structure (which is not deformed), the profiles must form triangular cells. Cables, bars and braces can be used for this purpose.

4. TYPES OF STRUCTURES

   • Massive structures
     • They are made using heavy elements:
   • Arches, vaults and domes
     • Its elements work by compression.
   • Framework structures
     • They combine elements as the beams, pillars and columns. Of wood, steel or concrete.
       • Pillars
         • Resistant elements arranged in a vertical position,
       • Beams
         • Elements placed normally in horizontal position that support the load of the structure and transmit towards the pillars.
   • Truss structures
     • Structures that are formed by a set of profiles grouped geometrically that form a network of triangles and are called trusses.
   • Bridges