BASIC RESUSCITATION

BASIC RESUSCITATION

1. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an important technique to treating cardiac arrest. (1)

   • TWO COMPONENTS (1)
     • Chest compression: It is more important.
       • Frequency: Every minut, how many compressions.
       • Depth: Every compression, how many milimeters.
     • Ventilations
       • Frequency: breaths per minut
       • Ventilation volume: Every breath, messure in milimiters
         • If there is an increase in ventilation, this is because increases positive intrathoracic pressure and decreases coronary perfusion
         • Pause for ventilation is an important parameter (2)
           • PARAMETERS
             • Rescuer dependent
               • Dependent on rescuer performance such as F1co2
             • Patient dependent
               • Vary from patient to patient susch as Qmax
                 • Qmax in systemic oxygen delivery, is maximun systemic blood flow
                   • Qmax in carbon dioxide delivery to the longs is the maximun pulmonary blood flow
                   • REFERENCES
                     • 1. Abella B. High-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Current Opinion in Critical Care. 2016; 22 (3): 218-224. (Cited 19 septiembre 2021) Available from: doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000296.
                       • 2. Jalali A, Simpao AF, Gálvez JA, Berg RA, Nadkarni VM, Nataraj C. A dynamic model of rescuer parameters for optimizing blood gas delivery during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Comput Math Methods Med. 2018;2018:3569346. (Cited 19 septiembre 2021) Available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/cmmm/2018/3569346/
                         • 3. Strnad M, Lešnik D, Krizmaric M. Arterial blood gas changes during cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation combined with passive oxygenation/ventilation: a METI HPS study. J Int Med Res. 2018;46(11):4605–16. (Cited 19 septiembre 2021) Available from: https://journals-sagepub-com.ez.unisabana.edu.co/doi/pdf/10.1177/0300060518786916
             • Constant parameters
               • Fixed parameter like SCO2
     • DEPTH and FREQUENCY (1)
       • Mean compression rate 90± 17 per minute
         • RETURN OF SPONTANEOUS CIRCULATION
       • Chest compression rate of 100-120 per minute.
       • Depth increase and result increase (1)
         • Survival increased if depth increase before desfibrillation
           • Also, can increase risk of rib fracture and visceral injuries
         • From 50mm to 60mm maximun
   • OBJECTIVE: keep blood flow and oxygen.
     • Quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation influences patient outcome (2)
       • Mortality after CPR increases.
   • RELATION COMPRESSIONS- VENTILATIONS IS 30:2 (3)
     • Ventilation is a factor used in conjunction with compressions also, when hyperventilation occurs, result will be worse for the patient
       • Six ventilations per minute
         • This regulation must be appropiate for each patient.
           • Requieres solid training.
             • Therefore, it is necessary for health professionals to be very well trained in CPR in order to better meet the needs of patients.
   • However, in addition to CPR, it is necessary to eliminate CO2 afterwards, since this, together with the decrease in O2, is associated with cerebral ischemia after rest. (2)
     • As CPR progresses, the ratio of compressions to ventilation should be decreased and this optimized the process.
       • At the beginning of CPR, oxygen levels are stable in the blood, but when CO2 increases, it begins to accumulate, which generates a greater need for O2.
         • By: Mabel Julieth Rojas Ruiz Adult Care 2 Spetember 2021 Teacher: Angelica Rojas

2. Cardiac arrest is one of the most important causes of death; quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation helps to reduce these death rates.