THE COMPUTER

THE COMPUTER

1. Harware

   • -Physicals elements. -Can be seen and touched. -Case or towers or the peripherals. -CPU. -Peripherals- Comunicate with the outside, like the keyboard.

2. Software

   • -Instruction and data that make the computer work and the information that processes. -Can't see or touch. -Programs--Carry different tasks. -Data--Information received in a specific way.

3. Types of computers

   • Personal computers
     • -Snall computers that serves a person. 1.Desk computer. 2.Laptop. 3.Tablet. 4.Smartphone.
   • Mainframes
     • -Medium size computers with large storage capacity and high speed data. -Connects a lot of people at the same time, like in a bank.
   • Supercomputers
     • -Processing capacity of large information. -Small machines connected together occupying a biger room. -Expensive ( military).

4. Hard disk and DVD

   • Hard drive
     • -Device used when we save a file, so later, we can use it again. -Stored permanently. -It has different partitions.
     • Location of the hard drive
       • -Connected to the motherboard.
     • External hard drives
       • -Used for backup or transporting files that use a ot of memory.
     • How is the inside of a hard drive?
       • -Metal box with stacked aluminium disks. It has an electric motor, a magnetic film, read/write head, 
     • Capacity of hard drive
   • Optical memory devices
     • -Plastic disks having recorded information on its surface. -Cheap.
     • CD and DVD units
       • -Plastic disks. -Cheap
     • Type of CD and DVD
       • -Read: It comes recorded with programs or adivisual content from the factory. -Recordable: You can record only once. -Rewritable: You can record and erase many times.
     • How is the information stored on an optical disc?
       • -They use light of a laser beam to read data that are recorded on the disc.
     • How an optical disc is read?
       • -The light from a laser beam is projected onto the disk's surface.
     • How an optical disc is recorded?
       • -By injecting molten plastic, into the mold we obtain with the form of the plastic disc with the information the mold had.
     • Capacity of optical disks
       • -CD: 700MB. -DVD: 4,7GB.

5. Motherboard and CPU

   • Elements of a computer
   • The motherboard
     • -Rigid plastic sheet with an engraved circuit on the surface called PCB. -All elements connected. 1.Support--Physical. 2.Facilitate the communication between the components
   • The microprocessor
     • -Integrated chip or circuit that works like a "brain". -Complex and powerful. -Receive the info. from the inpùt peripherals and send the result to the output peripherals.
   • The power supply
     • -Computers require large current to work. -It alternates alterning current.
   • RAM memmory
     • -It storages information

6. Peripherals

   • -Elements that allow the comuters to communicate with the outside.
   • Input peripherals
     • -Enter information into a computer. -Keyboard, webcam, scanner...
   • Output peripherals
     • -Allows the computer to send its information to the outside. -
   • Input/Output peripherals
     • -Enter information to the computer and to obtain information from it. -Hard drive, modem...

7. Ports and expansion cards

   • Ports
     • -Allows the microprocessor to communicate with the peripherals. -USB ports, HDMI port, sound ports...
   • Expansion cards
     • -Printed circuits. -Expands the operations of the computer and it gives the computer new capabilities. -Inserted into the motherboard in expansion slots. -Video card or graphics cards, sound card, Network card, USB port expansion card...

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