CHAPTER 8 THE INFORMATION-PROCESSING APPROACH

CHAPTER 8 THE INFORMATION-PROCESSING APPROACH

1. THE NATURE OF THE INFORMATION-PROCESSING APPROACH:

   • Information, Memory, and Thinking
   • Cognitive Resources: Capacity and Speed of Processing Information
   • Mechanisms of Change
     • Attention is focusing mental resources
       • Memory is the retention of information over time and involves encoding, storage, and retrieval.

2. Encoding

   • process of hearing a sound and being able to write a symbol to represent that sound.
   • Storage

3. Retrieval and Forgetting

   • serial position eff ect (memory is better for items at the beginning and end of a list than for items in the middle),

4. Expertise and Learning

   • Acquiring Expertise
     • Expertise and Teaching
     • Developmental Changes
       • Strategies and Metacognitive Regulation